フレット視野皮質における刺激と抑制の差分調節が方向選択性を形作る
Daniel E Wilson1,2,3,4, Benjamin Scholl1, David Fitzpatrick5
1Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience, Jupiter, FL, USA.
Nature
|July 27, 2018
まとめ
皮質内抑制は,非好みの動きに対する反応を抑制することによって,フェレットV1の方向選択性を著しく高めます. これは,特にGABAergicニューロンによる刺激と抑制の微分調整によって達成されます.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 視覚野の研究
- 細胞電気生理学
背景:
- 皮質のニューロンは 感覚の入力に 選択的な反応を必要とします
- 応答の選択性はシナプス入力,デンドリティック非線形性,およびスパイク値によって影響を受けます.
研究 の 目的:
- フレットV1層の2/3ニューロンの方向選択反応に寄与する因子を解剖する.
- 方向選択性の形成における皮質内抑制の役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- 生体内全細胞の記録
- 2フォトンカルシウム画像 (シナプスと細胞解像度)
- GABA (γ-アミノバター酸) ニューロン選択的光遺伝学
主要な成果:
- 刺激的な入力だけでは,方向選択性を完全に説明できませんでした.
- 値以下の反応では,方向選択性がピーク選択性と相関していることが示された.
- 刺激と阻害のディフェンショナル・チューニングは ゼロ・ディレクションの反応を抑制した.
- GABAergicニューロンの光遺伝的不活性化により,方向選択性が低下した.
- 阻害性ニューロンは 反対の方向を好む刺激性ニューロンに 投影される.
結論:
- 皮質内抑制はフレットV1の方向選択性の主要な決定因子です.
- 阻害は運動のゼロ方向への反応を抑制し,それによって選択性を高めます.
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