ヒストンH3K56のRtt109によるAsf1依存性アセチル化におけるマルチサイト基板認識
Lin Zhang1, Albert Serra-Cardona2, Hui Zhou2
1National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.
Cell
|July 31, 2018
まとめ
Rtt109酵素は,DNA複製とゲノム安定性にとって重要なヒストンH3ライシン56 (H3K56) をアセチル化する. その活動にはヒストンチャペロンAsf1と,結晶構造分析によって明らかにされたヒストンH3とH4の特定の構造変化が必要です.
科学分野:
- 生物化学
- 分子生物学
- エピジェネティクス
背景:
- ヒストンのアセチル化は遺伝子発現とDNA修復を制御する.
- Rtt109はヒストンH3ライシン56 (H3K56) をアセチル化し,これは核細胞組立とゲノム安定に不可欠な変化である.
- ヒストンチャペロンAsf1はRtt109の活性に不可欠ですが,その背後にあるメカニズムは不明です.
研究 の 目的:
- Rtt109 と Asf1 が H3K56 をアセチル化するために協力する構造的メカニズムを解明する.
- H3K56アセチル化のための基板認識プロセスを理解する.
主な方法:
- Rtt109-Asf1-H3-H4複合体の構造を決定するX線結晶学.
- 構造的な結果の機能的結果を分析するための生化学的分析.
主要な成果:
- 結晶構造は,Asf1がヒストンH3のN端のα-ヘリクスを解き放ち,ヒストンH4のC端のβ鎖を安定させ,H3K56のアセチル化の前提条件であることを明らかにする.
- Rtt109とヒストンH3の中央ヘリクスの間の予期せぬ相互作用も必要である.
- これらの発見は,複合的な,複数の場所の基板認識メカニズムを示しています.
結論:
- この研究は,H3K56アセチル化におけるRtt109とAsf1の機能のメカニズム的な理解を提供します.
- この発見は,ヒストン改変酵素による基板認識に関する一般的な洞察を提供します.
- この研究は,ヒストンのチャペロンと特定のヒストンの構造構造が表遺伝子調節における役割を明らかにしている.
関連する概念動画
Histone Modification
16.2K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
16.2K
Histone Modification
4.5K
4.5K
Histone Variants at the Centromere
5.1K
Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
5.1K
Phase II Reactions: Acetylation Reactions
823
Acetylation, a phase II biotransformation reaction, introduces an acetyl group to drugs or their metabolites. Acetyltransferase enzymes facilitate this reaction, which resembles α-amino acid conjugation due to the addition of a functional group to the drug molecule.
The substrates for acetylation are typically drugs or their metabolites with an amino, sulfonamide, or hydrazine functional group. Acetylation can occur at several points in the drug molecule, including primary, secondary, and...
The substrates for acetylation are typically drugs or their metabolites with an amino, sulfonamide, or hydrazine functional group. Acetylation can occur at several points in the drug molecule, including primary, secondary, and...
823
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
7.6K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
7.6K
Frequency-dependent Selection
24.1K
When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
24.1K


