近年,地球規模で土壌の異質性呼吸が増加している
Ben Bond-Lamberty1, Vanessa L Bailey2, Min Chen3
1Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute at the University of Maryland-College Park, College Park, MD, USA. bondlamberty@pnnl.gov.
Nature
|August 3, 2018
まとめ
地球上の土壌呼吸 (Rs) は増加しており,ヘテロトロフ呼吸 (Rh) に起因する割合は増加しています. これは気候変動が 世界中の土壌から 検出可能な炭素の損失を 引き起こしていることを示しています
科学分野:
- 土壌科学
- エコロジー
- 気候変動に関する研究
背景:
- 地球の土壌は 大気よりも多くの炭素を貯蔵しています
- 土壌から大気への二酸化炭素 (CO2) の流れが増加していることが観察されています.
- ヘテロトロフ呼吸 (Rh) による土壌の炭素損失への気候変動の影響については不確実性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- ヘテロトロフ呼吸 (Rh) と土壌全体の呼吸 (Rs) の比率の動向を調査する.
- 地球上の土壌呼吸の動態の変化に関する観測的証拠を提供すること.
- 土壌の炭素貯蔵と放出に対する環境変化の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 更新された地球土壌呼吸データベース (1990年−2014年) を利用した.
- 分析されたグローバル・プライマリ・プロダクション (GPP) データセットと太陽誘発のクロロフィル光.
- FLUXNET2015のデータで,エコシステム交換のトレンドを調べました.
主要な成果:
- 1990年から2014年の間にRh:Rs比率は0.54から0.63に大幅に増加した.
- GPPに対するRhとRsの比率も時間とともに増加しています.
- Rhの一貫した上昇傾向は,複数のグローバルデータセットとモデルで観察されました.
結論:
- 発見は,異質性呼吸 (Rh) の世界的な増加の観察的証拠を提供します.
- この傾向は様々な生態系で 気候変動による土壌の炭素の損失が 継続していることを示唆しています
- 地球規模で土壌の炭素の損失が 検出可能で持続的な傾向を示しています
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