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トール型受容体5による新生児の選択は,腸内微生物の長期的構成に影響する
Marcus Fulde1,2, Felix Sommer3,4, Benoit Chassaing5,6
1Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
Nature
|August 10, 2018
まとめ
新生児の腸内免疫は 生涯にわたる微生物群の組成を形作ります マウスにおけるトール型受容体5 (TLR5) の早期発現は,細菌のコロニー化を制御し,成人の免疫ホメオスタシスと健康に影響を与える.
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 免疫学
- 発達生物学
背景:
- 腸内微生物の変異は免疫媒介および代謝疾患と関連しています.
- 産後期は宿主と微生物の相互作用と 免疫バランスの形成に 極めて重要です
- 新生児の微生物群の形成を制御する 分子機構は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 新生児の細菌植民を制御する宿主媒介の調節回路を特定する.
- 生涯にわたる微生物群の組成に影響を与える分子機構を定義する.
- 早期の腸内免疫におけるトール型受容体5 (TLR5) の役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- 新生マウスの腸内皮質におけるTLR5の年齢依存的発現分析
- TLR5媒介によるバクテリアの制御を評価するための競争的コロニー化実験.
- 細菌のないマウス (新生児/成人,野生型/Tlr5欠乏) での微生物群移植実験
主要な成果:
- 新生マウスの腸内におけるTLR5の年齢依存的発現が示された.
- TLR5媒介によるREG3γの産生は,鞭状細菌のコロニー化を制限するために重要であることが示された.
- 新生児のTLR5発現が 成人の微生物群の組成に 顕著な影響を及ぼすことが明らかになった.
結論:
- TLR5を含む宿主介の調節回路は,新生児の初期に作用し,生涯にわたる微生物群を形成します.
- TLR5による新生児の免疫プリミングは,有益な成人の微生物群の形成に影響を与えます.
- 幼少期の微生物群の形成を阻害する環境要因は,成人の免疫健康に影響を及ぼします.
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