α-ヘリカルポリペプチドの顕微鏡およびエナチオモルフのスパイラルへの自己組み立て
Charlotte D Vacogne1,2, Chunxiang Wei2, Klaus Tauer2
1University of Potsdam , Institute of Chemistry , Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 11, 2018
まとめ
研究者らはバイオインスピレーション材料から 螺旋状のポリペプチド粒子を作りました アルファヘリクスのキラリティは,スパイラルを指示します.
科学分野:
- 材料科学
- バイオ材料
- ポリマー化学
背景:
- らせん状の構造は 生物学的材料に多く見られ その機能に不可欠です
- 自然の階層を模倣する バイオインスピレーションの螺旋材料を 合成するのは困難です
研究 の 目的:
- 渦巻き形状を示すポリペプチド粒子の 最初の合成を報告する
- アルファヘリカルキラリティとマクロスコーピカルスパイラル形成の関係を調査する.
主な方法:
- ポリペプチド,特にガンマベンジルグルタミン酸とアリルグリシンのアルファヘリルホモペプチドの直接乳化.
- 乾燥状態の粒子の形状とキラリティの特徴づけ
主要な成果:
- 合成されたポリペプチド粒子は,乾燥状態で螺旋形状を示した.
- アルファヘリクスのキラリティは,観察されたスパイラル (例えば,右向きのアルファヘリクスは時計回りのスパイラル) のキラリティを直接制御した.
- アルファヘリル形状の破壊は,不規則なまたは抑制されたスパイラル形成をもたらしました.
結論:
- 制御されたキラリティを持つバイオインスピレーションのヘリクアル材料を作成する方法を実証しました.
- 繊維束を介して分子レベルから階層レベルへのヘリシティとキラリティの伝達メカニズムを提案した.
- 進化した螺旋型のバイオマテリアルを 設計する道が開けました
関連する概念動画
02:41Protein Complex Assembly
16.8K
Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types. Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
16.8K
02:15Protein and Protein Structure
88.2K
Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme...
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme...
88.2K
01:10α-Alkylation of Ketones via Enolate Ions
3.9K
Ketones with α protons are deprotonated by strong bases like lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) to form enolate ions. The anion is stabilized by resonance, and its hybrid structure exhibits negative charges on the carbonyl oxygen and the α carbon. This ambident nucleophile can attack an electrophile via two possible sites: the carbonyl oxygen, known as O-attack, or the α carbon, known as C-attack. The nucleophilic attack via the carbanionic site is preferred. This is due to the...
3.9K
02:50Spindle Assembly
4.3K
Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a...
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a...
4.3K
01:24Oligosaccharide Assembly
3.7K
Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
3.7K
01:10Factors Affecting α-Alkylation of Ketones: Choice of Base
3.6K
α-Alkylation of ketones is achieved in the presence of alkyl halides and a base. The reaction proceeds via the formation of an enolate ion followed by nucleophilic substitution. The choice of base employed is essential as it is the key factor in determining the reaction outcome.
The reaction involving bases like EtO− whose conjugate acid EtOH (pKa = 15.9) is stronger than the ketone (pKa = 19.2) results in an equilibrium mixture with higher ketone concentration. As a consequence,...
The reaction involving bases like EtO− whose conjugate acid EtOH (pKa = 15.9) is stronger than the ketone (pKa = 19.2) results in an equilibrium mixture with higher ketone concentration. As a consequence,...
3.6K