RAP2はヒッポの経路のメカニカル反応を媒介する
Zhipeng Meng1, Yunjiang Qiu2,3, Kimberly C Lin1
1Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Nature
|August 24, 2018
まとめ
Rasに関連したGTPase RAP2は分子スイッチとして機能し,細胞外マトリックス硬度信号を伝達し,ヒッポの経路エフェクターYAPとTAZを通じて細胞の成長と遺伝子転写を制御します.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学
- 機械生物学
- 分子信号
背景:
- 哺乳類の細胞は,細胞外マトリックス (ECM) から来る機械的シグナルに反応する.
- YAP (YAP1) と TAZ (WWTR1) を含むHippo経路は,ECMの硬化に対する細胞反応を媒介する.
- 細胞が機械的環境を感知し 反応する方法を理解することは 生物学的過程の多様性にとって 極めて重要です
研究 の 目的:
- YAPとTAZにECMの硬さ情報をリレーする細胞内信号トランスデューサを特定する.
- ECMの硬さがYAP/TAZの活動に影響を与える分子メカニズムを解明する.
- 特定された経路のメカノセンシティブ細胞活動と遺伝子発現における役割を定義する.
主な方法:
- 哺乳類の細胞におけるRAP2の遺伝的消去
- タンパク質とタンパク質の相互作用と酵素の活動を研究する生化学的測定法.
- 変化するECMの硬さに反応する遺伝子発現の変化の分析
- フォスフォリファースCγ1 (PLCγ1),PDZGEFタンパク質,および下流キナーゼの役割の調査.
主要な成果:
- RAP2は,ECMの低硬さによって活性化される重要な信号トランスデューサとして識別されます.
- RAP2の削除は,YAP/TAZの調節を硬化させ,異常な細胞増殖を促進する.
- ECMの硬さは,PLCγ1とPDZGEFタンパク質を通してRAP2の活性を調節する.
- 活性RAP2は,LATS1/ 2キナーゼの活性化により,YAP/ TAZを抑制する.
- YAPとTAZはECMの硬さ反応性トランスクリプトームに不可欠です.
結論:
- RAP2はメカニカル伝達における分子スイッチとして機能し,ECMの硬さとYAP/TAZ抑制を結びつける.
- RAP2,YAP,TAZを含むECMの剛性から核への新しい経路が定義されています.
- この経路は,機械感受性転写と細胞活動を調節し,細胞の成長に影響を与えます.
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