関連する実験動画
Updated: Feb 6, 2026

10:49
Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus
Published on: January 28, 2019
9.4K
大気中のCO2の増加速度が,地上水貯蔵の観測された変化に敏感である
Vincent Humphrey1, Jakob Zscheischler2, Philippe Ciais3
1Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. vincent.humphrey@env.ethz.ch.
Nature
|August 31, 2018
まとめ
大量の二酸化炭素 (CO2) を吸収する. この研究では 温度だけでなく 陸上の水貯蔵量の変化が CO2の増加率に 大きく影響し 世界的な炭素吸収に 影響を及ぼしていることが明らかになりました
科学分野:
- 地球システム科学
- 気候科学
- エコロジー
背景:
- 陸上の生態系は重要な炭素吸収場であり,年間約30%の人類による二酸化炭素 (CO2) 排出量を吸収しています.
- 大気中の二酸化炭素の増加率は,主に陸上生態系の炭素吸収の変動によって引き起こされます.
- これまでの研究は温度感受性に焦点を当てており,直接観測データが限られているため,世界の水資源の役割は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 地上水の利用可能性が地球と地域における炭素循環の変動に与える影響を調査する.
- 地上水貯蔵の変化を直接観測するために新しい衛星重力測定データを利用する.
- 地上の炭素吸収源に対する水の利用可能性の影響と,現在の炭素循環モデルにおけるその表現を評価する.
主な方法:
- 地上水貯蔵の変化を導き出すために,最近の衛星重力測定の分析.
- 大気中のCO2増加率と陸上の貯水量の相関関係
- 観測された水利用効果と既知の温度効果と現在の炭素循環モデルシミュレーションの比較
主要な成果:
- 大気中のCO2の増加率は,地上水貯蔵の観測された変化に非常に敏感であることが判明した.
- 陸上の水貯蔵量が減少した乾燥した年は,大気中のCO2の増加率がより速いことが示されました.
- 水の貯蔵とCO2の増加の関係は,温度効果とは無関係であることが判明し,現在,炭素循環モデルでは過小評価されている.
結論:
- 陸上の貯水量の年次変動は,陸上の炭素吸収に大きく影響する.
- この発見は,世界の炭素の動態を理解するために,水と炭素のサイクル間の相互作用が極めて重要であることを強調しています.
- 炭素循環の正確なモデリングには,水利用のダイナミクスを統合する必要があります.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
The Water Cycle
28.7K
The Earth’s hydrosphere includes all of the areas where the storage and movement of water occurs. Since water is the basis of all living processes, the cycling of water is extremely important to ecosystem dynamics.
28.7K
Storage
416
A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze...
416
Naturalistic Observations
17.4K
If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
17.4K
Definition and Measurement of Pressure: Atmospheric Pressure, Barometer, and Manometer
43.5K
Gas pressure is caused by force exerted by gas molecules colliding with the surfaces of objects. Although the force of each collision is very small, any surface of an appreciable area experiences a large number of collisions in a short time, which can result in high pressure.
43.5K
Variation of Atmospheric Pressure
4.2K
Change in atmospheric pressure with height is particularly interesting. The decrease in atmospheric pressure with increasing altitude is due to the decreasing gravitational force per unit area as we move away from the surface of the earth.
Assuming the air temperature is constant at a given altitude and that the ideal gas law of thermodynamics describes the atmosphere to a good approximation, one can find the variation of atmospheric pressure with height.
Let p(y) be the atmospheric pressure at...
Assuming the air temperature is constant at a given altitude and that the ideal gas law of thermodynamics describes the atmosphere to a good approximation, one can find the variation of atmospheric pressure with height.
Let p(y) be the atmospheric pressure at...
4.2K
Population Growth
28.6K
Population size is dynamic, increasing with birth rates and immigration, and decreasing with death rates and emigration. In ideal conditions with unlimited resources, populations can increase exponentially, which plots as a J-shaped growth rate curve of population size against time. This type of curve is characteristic of newly-introduced invasive species, or populations that have suffered catastrophic declines and are rebounding.
28.6K

