移行金属を模倣するアルカリ土複合体M ((CO) 8 (M = Ca,Sr,またはBa) の観測
Xuan Wu1, Lili Zhao2, Jiaye Jin1
1Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 1, 2018
まとめ
アルカリ土金属であるカルシウム,ストロンチウム,バリウムは,珍しい8座標のカルボニル複合体を形成する. これらの複合体は,通常移行金属で見られる結合特性を示し,古典的な化学結合理論に挑戦する.
科学分野:
- 無機化学
- 有機金属化学
- メイングループ 化学
背景:
- アルカリ土金属 (Ca,Sr,Ba) は通常,古典的なメイングループ元素として作用する.
- ワレンスの電子はns軌道とnp軌道にある.
- これらの元素の8座標複合体は珍しい.
研究 の 目的:
- Ca,Sr,Baの8座標カルボニル複合体を合成し,特徴づけること.
- 電子構造と結合を研究する
- 移行金属以外の18電子ルールの適用性を探求する.
主な方法:
- ネオンマトリックスにおけるM(CO) 8複合体の分離とスペクトル学的特徴づけ.
- キュービックO対称複合体の電子構造分析
- 質量選択赤外線光解離スペクトロスコーピーを用いて,根性カチオン複合体の準備と特徴付け.
主要な成果:
- 8座標のM ((CO)) 8 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) 複合体の分離と特徴づけに成功した.
- 金属-一酸化炭素結合は主に[M(dπ) → (CO) 8πのバックドネーションを含みます.
- 観測されたC-Oのストレッチ周波数における赤色シフトは,πのバックドネーションを支持する.
- 放射性カチオン複合体は18電子ルールを遵守します
結論:
- アルカリ土金属は安定した8座標カルボニル複合体を形成する.
- これらの複合体の結合は,移行金属に似たπバックドネーションによって支配される.
- これらの発見は,メイングループ元素の化学結合の理解と,移行金属の規則に従う可能性を拡大します.
関連する概念動画
02:58Properties of Transition Metals
29.9K
Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
29.9K
02:31Phase Transitions
23.2K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
23.2K
02:58Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes
30.9K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
30.9K
03:45Formation of Complex Ions
26.2K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
26.2K
02:51Metal-Ligand Bonds
24.3K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
24.3K
02:06Conditions on Early Earth
101.7K
Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.
101.7K