光 は 網膜 と 脳 の 異なる 経路 を 通し て 気分 や 学習 に 影響 を 及ぼし ます
Diego Carlos Fernandez1, P Michelle Fogerson2, Lorenzo Lazzerini Ospri3
1Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Cell
|September 4, 2018
まとめ
ライト
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 眼科について
- クロノバイオロジー
背景:
- 光は本質的に光敏感な網膜のギャングリア細胞 (ipRGCs) によって媒介され,気分と学習に大きく影響します.
- これらの光誘発効果の特定の神経経路と中央媒介体は,ほとんど不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 本質的に光敏感な網膜のギャングリア細胞 (ipRGCs) が気分と学習を調節する独特の神経回路を解明する.
- 認知機能や感情的行動に光が及ぼす影響を 決定する中心的な媒介を特定する.
主な方法:
- 異なるipRGC出力経路を調査した.
- 神経解剖学的追跡と 行動分析を組み合わせて 光感知経路をマッピングした
- 上神経核 (SCN) と新たに特定されたタラミック領域 (周辺神経核,PHb) の役割を調べた.
主要な成果:
- 学習に対する光の影響は,そのペースメーカーの役割とは無関係に,上神経核 (SCN) に投射されるipRGCによって媒介されます.
- 光による気分調節には,ipRGCsから周縁核 (PHb) へのSCN独立した経路が含まれています.
- 感情的行動に対する光の効果を媒介する上で,ipRGCsを気分センターと接続する上で重要な役割を果たします.
結論:
- 異なるipRGCの出力ストリームは学習と気分を異なる形で調節します.
- 超ヒアズマ核 (SCN) は光媒介による学習に関与し,周辺ヒアズマ核 (PHb) は光の気分に影響を及ぼす鍵です.
- この研究は 光が認知と感情に 影響を及ぼすための 新しい神経基板を明らかにしています
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