気候による大陸規模の土壌マクロポロシティーの変化は,水循環を強める
Daniel R Hirmas1, Daniel Giménez2, Attila Nemes3
1Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA. daniel.hirmas@ucr.edu.
Nature
|September 7, 2018
まとめ
乾燥した気候は 土壌のマクロポリス性を高め かつて考えられていたより早く 水循環に影響を及ぼします これらの土壌の変化は水の伝導性を大きく変化させ 気候のフィードバックに影響を与えます
科学分野:
- 土壌科学
- 水学
- 気候科学
背景:
- 土壌のマクロポールは 水の浸透,栄養素の輸送,流出に不可欠です
- マクロポールは量的に小さいが 水の移動や地球規模の水循環に 莫大な影響を及ぼします
- 気候は土壌のマクロポールの発達に影響しますが,これらの影響の速度と規模は十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 気候と土壌のマクロポリシティの関係を調査する.
- 気候による土壌マクロポロ性の変化の時間スケールを決定する.
- 将来の気候変動が土壌の水力特性に与える影響を予測する.
主な方法:
- 気候 (降水量) と土壌のマクロポロシティの相関性を分析した.
- マクロポロシティの代理として有効なポロ性を利用した.
- 予想される降水量の変化に基づいて,飽和土壌の水力伝導性の変化をモデル化した.
主要な成果:
- 乾燥した気候は,湿った気候と比較して,より大きな土壌のマクロポリシティをもたらします.
- 気候によって引き起こされるマクロポリシティの変化は,これまで考えられていたよりも,数年から数十年で起こります.
- 予想される世紀末の降水の変化は,米地域の飽和土壌の水力伝導性を-55%から34%まで変化させる可能性があります.
結論:
- 土壌のマクロポロ性は 急速な気候変動に敏感です
- 気候変動による土壌の水力特性の変化は,陸地表面に重大なフィードバックをもたらします.
- これらのフィードバックは 大陸規模の水循環を 加速させる可能性があります
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