気候 モデル に よる と,サハラ 砂漠 の 大規模 な 風力 発電 場 や 太陽光発電 場 は 雨 を 降らせ,植生 を 増やす
Yan Li1,2,3, Eugenia Kalnay1,4, Safa Motesharrei1,4,5
1Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA. yanli.geo@gmail.com ekalnay@umd.edu ssm@umd.edu.
まとめ
サハラ砂漠の大型風力発電所や太陽光発電所により 地域の気温が上昇し 降水量は2倍以上になり 植生はプラスフィードバックループで 増えるでしょう この効果はサハラに特有のもので 規模によって異なります
科学分野:
- 気候科学
- 再生可能エネルギーの影響
- 環境モデリング
背景:
- 風力発電と太陽光発電は 清潔なエネルギーの鍵ですが 大規模な設備は 土地の表面特性を変化させます
- 大規模な再生可能エネルギー農場では 予期せぬ気候変動が起こりうるのです
研究 の 目的:
- サハラ砂漠の 大規模な風力発電所と太陽光発電所の 気候への影響を調査するためです
- ダイナミックな植生とフィードバックメカニズムの役割を分析する.
主な方法:
- ダイナミックな植生を組み込んだ気候モデルを使用した.
- サハラ砂漠の風力発電所と太陽光発電所を シミュレーションしました
主要な成果:
- シミュレーションにより,サヘル地域における局所的な気温上昇と 降水量の2倍以上の増加が示されています.
- 表面摩擦の増加とアルベドの減少が主な要因です.
- 陽性アルベド-降雨-植生フィードバックループは降雨を増加させ,風力発電所では約80%を占める.
結論:
- サハラ砂漠の大規模風力発電と太陽光発電は 地元の気候,特に降水量を大きく変えてしまう.
- この発見は,他の砂漠での影響が最小限にある,規模に依存するサハラ特有の現象を強調しています.
- この研究は,再生可能エネルギーの展開において,陸地と地表の相互作用を考慮する重要性を強調しています.
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