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関連する概念動画

Alkyl Halides02:45

Alkyl Halides

20.1K
Structural Properties
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...
20.1K
Preparation of Alkynes: Alkylation Reaction02:27

Preparation of Alkynes: Alkylation Reaction

12.2K
Introduction
Alkylation of terminal alkynes with primary alkyl halides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide is one of the common methods for the synthesis of longer carbon-chain alkynes. For example, treatment of 1-propyne with sodium amide followed by reaction with ethyl bromide yields 2-pentyne.
12.2K
Mass Spectrometry: Alkyl Halide Fragmentation01:22

Mass Spectrometry: Alkyl Halide Fragmentation

1.6K
Chlorine isotopes exist as 35Cl and 37Cl in a 3:1 ratio, while bromine isotopes exist as 79Br and 81Br in a 1:1 ratio. The mass spectrum of alkyl halides typically produces two distinct molecular ion peaks, the molecular ion peak, [M], and the molecular ion plus two, [M + 2] peak. The relative heights of these two peaks are proportional to the isotopic abundance ratios of the halide. For example, 2‐chloropropane and 1‐bromopropane display two peaks with relative peak heights in a 3:1 and...
1.6K
Conversion of Alcohols to Alkyl Halides02:48

Conversion of Alcohols to Alkyl Halides

8.5K
This lesson delves into the conversion of alcohols to corresponding alkyl halides and the mechanism of action for different reagents. Typically, the hydroxyl group is first protonated to convert it to a stable leaving group. Consequently, based on the starting alcohol, the mechanism undergoes either of the nucleophilic substitution routes, SN1 or SN2. Tertiary alkyl halides are made using the two-step SN1 mechanism that occurs via a carbocation intermediate, which is stabilized by...
8.5K
Radical Substitution: Halogenation of Alkanes and Alkyl Substituents01:27

Radical Substitution: Halogenation of Alkanes and Alkyl Substituents

10.1K
In the presence of heat or light, alkanes react with molecular halogens to form alkyl halides by a substitution reaction called radical halogenation. This reaction has three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination, as seen in the radical chlorination of methane to produce methyl chloride.
In the initiation step of the reaction, the chlorine molecule undergoes homolytic cleavage in the presence of light or heat, forming two highly reactive chlorine radicals. Propagation occurs in two...
10.1K
Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

3.0K
Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
3.0K

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Identification of Novel CK2 Kinase Substrates Using a Versatile Biochemical Approach
11:11

Identification of Novel CK2 Kinase Substrates Using a Versatile Biochemical Approach

Published on: February 21, 2019

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アルキルイソステル

Priyakumari Chakkingal Parambil1, Roald Hoffmann1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , 162 Sciences Drive , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 12, 2018
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者らは,炭素原子を特定の電荷を持つ元素に置き換えることで,新しいズウィテリオンメチルイソステルを合成しました. これらの化合物はアルキルに対する同電子性であり,有電荷の芳香系を安定させる新しい可能性を提供します.

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Cell-Type Specific Protein Purification and Identification from Complex Tissues Using a Mutant Methionine tRNA Synthetase Mouse Line
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Quantitative Proteomics Using Reductive Dimethylation for Stable Isotope Labeling
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Quantitative Proteomics Using Reductive Dimethylation for Stable Isotope Labeling

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Cell-Type Specific Protein Purification and Identification from Complex Tissues Using a Mutant Methionine tRNA Synthetase Mouse Line
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科学分野:

  • * 有機化学
  • * コンピュータ化学
  • * 材料科学

背景:

  • * メチルイソステルはアルキルに類似した化合物で,イソ電子性またはイソバレンスの電子性を持つ.
  • * 陽性と負の電荷の両方を有するズウィテリオン種は,ユニークな化学特性と安定化課題を提示します.
  • * 以前の研究では,特定のズウィテリオン化合物が調査されているが,さらなる例が必要である.

研究 の 目的:

  • * グループ13とグループ15の元素を用いて新しいズビテリオンメチルイソステルを作製する.
  • * 正式にズウィテリオン種を安定させるための戦略を探求する.
  • * この概念を二酸化炭素と二酸化炭素のイソステルに拡張する.

主な方法:

  • * 新しい分子構造の概念的設計と理論的構築
  • * 中性CR3ユニットを代用するために充電された置換物 (ER3とER3+) を使用する.
  • * 3つ,5つ,7つ,8つのリングシステムに焦点を当てています.

主要な成果:

  • * いくつかの新しいズウィテリオンメチルイソステルの理論的構築に成功した.
  • * 充電された要素を用いてアイソエレクトロニック・アナログを作成する可能性を実証した.
  • * ディカチオン系とダイアニオン系キセリンイソステルの戦略を提案した.

結論:

  • * ズウィテリオンメチルイソステルは,特定の電荷元素を使用して設計および合成することができます.
  • * これらの化合物は,反発した芳香系を安定させる可能性を秘めている.
  • * この戦略は,関連するディケーション系とダイアニオン系を作成するために拡張できます.