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関連する概念動画

The Mitotic Spindle02:27

The Mitotic Spindle

8.0K
The mitotic spindle—or spindle apparatus—is a eukaryotic, cytoskeletal structure made up of long protein fibers called microtubules. Formed during cell division, the spindle separates sister chromatids and moves them to opposite ends of a parental cell, where the now individual chromosomes are distributed to two daughter cell nuclei.
The bipolar configuration of the mitotic spindle facilitates chromosomal segregation, preparing the cell for division. One mechanism that ensures...
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Nuclear Binding Energy02:13

Nuclear Binding Energy

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The difference between the calculated and experimentally measured masses is known as the mass defect of the atom. In the case of helium-4, the mass defect indicates a “loss” in mass of 4.0331 amu – 4.0026 amu = 0.0305 amu. The loss in mass accompanying the formation of an atom from protons, neutrons, and electrons is due to the conversion of that mass into energy that is evolved as the atom forms. The nuclear binding energy is the energy produced when the atoms’ nucleons are bound...
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Nuclear Stability03:18

Nuclear Stability

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Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
To hold positively charged protons together...
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Nuclear Fusion02:45

Nuclear Fusion

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The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...
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Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors01:15

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In the case of systematic errors, the sources can be identified, and the errors can be subsequently minimized by addressing these sources. According to the source, systematic errors can be divided into sampling, instrumental, methodological, and personal errors.
Sampling errors originate from improper sampling methods or the wrong sample population. These errors can be minimized by refining the sampling strategy. Defective instruments or faulty calibrations are the sources of instrumental...
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The outermost layers of prokaryotic cells play a critical role in their survival, virulence, and interaction with the environment. These layers, often composed of polysaccharides, polypeptides, or proteins, form protective and adhesive structures that vary in organization and function.Capsules and Slime LayersCapsules are highly organized, tightly bound layers that firmly attach to the bacterial cell wall. Capsules are usually made of polysaccharides, though some are made of polypeptides. These...
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Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations
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核封筒組成の欠陥は,ミトスのエラーとクロモトリプシスを関連付けています.

Shiwei Liu1,2,3, Mijung Kwon1,2,3, Mark Mannino1,2,3

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.

Nature
|September 21, 2018
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

核包装の欠陥はマイクロ核の脆弱性を引き起こし DNAの損傷や癌を引き起こします スピンドルの微小管は微小核への不可欠なタンパク質の輸入を阻害し,ゲノムの不安定性を引き起こします.

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Examination of Mitotic and Meiotic Fission Yeast Nuclear Dynamics by Fluorescence Live-cell Microscopy
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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations
07:14

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In Vitro Nuclear Assembly Using Fractionated Xenopus Egg Extracts
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Examination of Mitotic and Meiotic Fission Yeast Nuclear Dynamics by Fluorescence Live-cell Microscopy
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科学分野:

  • 細胞生物学
  • 遺伝学
  • 分子生物学

背景:

  • 核膜の欠陥は人間の病気と関連しています
  • マイクロ核の形成は 癌の主要な原動力であるクロモトリプシスにつながります
  • マイクロ核の脆弱性の原因は不明である.

研究 の 目的:

  • マイクロ核の脆弱性の分子基盤を調査する.
  • 微核におけるDNA損傷とゲノム不安定に貢献する要因を特定する.

主な方法:

  • 先進的な顕微鏡を用いてマイクロ核の核膜組成を研究した.
  • 核膜タンパク質と非核膜タンパク質を分析した.
  • 核封筒形成におけるスパインドル微小管の役割を調査した.

主要な成果:

  • 核孔複合体 (NPC) のような非核タンパク質の非効率的な輸入により,ミクロ核は欠陥のある核封筒組成を示します.
  • スピンドルマイクロチューブルは,遅れた染色体でのNPCの組み立てを阻害し,不可逆的な核封筒の欠陥を引き起こす.
  • 染色体をスパインドルから分離することで これらの欠陥を修正し DNAの損傷を防ぐことができます

結論:

  • マイクロ核の脆弱性は,NPC形成を阻害するスパインドルマイクロチューブルによって引き起こされる欠陥組成から生じる.
  • ミトスの脱出時に染色体分離と核封筒組成の間の緩やかな調整はゲノムの不安定化に寄与する.
  • ミトスの脱出時に正確なチェックポイントの欠如は,頻繁なエラーと壊滅的なゲノム再編成を説明することができます.