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関連する概念動画

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

196.8K
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
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What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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5.6K
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

24.9K
Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
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Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

16.2K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
16.2K

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Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells
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開発中の遺伝子発現を調節するRNA変異

Michaela Frye1,2, Bryan T Harada3,4, Mikaela Behm5

  • 1Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK. m.frye@gen.cam.ac.uk chuanhe@uchicago.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 29, 2018
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

RNAの修正は遺伝子発現を制御し 発達に不可欠です N6-メチラデノシン (m6A) のようなメッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) の改変は,細胞のプロセスを調整するトランスクリプトの安定性と翻訳に影響を与える.

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Targeted RNA Sequencing Assay to Characterize Gene Expression and Genomic Alterations
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Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells
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Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells

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Targeted RNA Sequencing Assay to Characterize Gene Expression and Genomic Alterations
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科学分野:

  • 分子生物学
  • 遺伝学
  • 生物化学

背景:

  • RNAの改変は遺伝子発現の重要な転写後の調節因子である.
  • これらの変化は様々な真核生物学的プロセスに影響を与え,正常な発達に不可欠です.
  • メッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) の改変は,翻訳と安定性を含むmRNA代謝に影響を与える.

研究 の 目的:

  • 遺伝子発現における RNA 変異の調節作用を強調する.
  • N6-メチラデノシン (m6A) のような特定の改変がトランスクリプトの調節を調整する方法を説明する.
  • 細胞のプロセスと発達における RNA 変異の重要性を強調する.

主な方法:

  • RNA改変に関する既存の文献のレビュー.
  • mRNA代謝に対するN6-メチラデノシン (m6A) の影響の分析
  • RNAの構造,機能,および外部シグナルに対する反応に関するtRNAの改変の検討.

主要な成果:

  • RNAの改変は,真核生物の遺伝子発現と発達に不可欠である.
  • N6-メチラデノシン (m6A) は,mRNAの翻訳と安定性を調節し,トランスクリプト群を調整する.
  • 転送RNA (tRNA) の改変は,RNAの構造と機能に不可欠であり,刺激に反応してタンパク質合成に適応する.

結論:

  • RNAの改変は遺伝子発現プログラムの調整に 根本的な役割を果たします
  • これらの修正は細胞状態を維持し,発達的移行を促進するために不可欠です.
  • 正常な真核生物の発達には,RNAの適切な堆積と機能が不可欠である.