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NONOは核HIVカプシドを検出し,cGAS媒介による先天性免疫活性化を促す
Xavier Lahaye1, Matteo Gentili1, Aymeric Silvin1
1Immunity and Cancer Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, 75005 Paris, France.
Cell
|October 2, 2018
まとめ
タンパク質NONOは,核内のHIVカプシドの重要なセンサーとして作用し,ウイルスに対するサイクルGMP- AMP合成酵素 (cGAS) 免疫応答を活性化するために不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- ウイルス学
- 分子生物学
背景:
- 生まれながらの免疫センサーが ウイルスを検出し 抗ウイルス免疫を起こすのです
- 循環GMP-AMP合成 (cGAS) はヒト免疫細胞のHIVDNAを検出しますが,HIVDNA合成だけでは免疫活性化を保証できません.
- HIVカプシドタンパク質は,cGAS媒介の免疫活性化を可能にするために重要な役割を果たします.
研究 の 目的:
- HIVカプシドを検出する核センサーを特定する
- HIVカプシドが先天的な免疫感知を誘発するメカニズムを解明する.
- 細胞が自己から核のウイルスを 区別する仕組みを理解する
主な方法:
- HIVカプシドの相互作用タンパク質を特定するための核タンパク質分離および共免疫プレシピテーションアッセイ
- NONOのHIV-1およびHIV-2カプシドへの結合 afinityを決定するためのin vitro結合測定法.
- CRISPR/Cas9の遺伝子編集により,人間の細胞にNONOが欠けている.
- cGASの活性化と局所化をNONO- depleted細胞でHIV感染時に評価する
主要な成果:
- NONOタンパク質は核のHIVカプシドに直接結合する.
- NONOはHIV-1と比較してHIV-2カプシドへの結合 afinityがより高い.
- NONOは,cGASの活性化と,感染中の HIV DNAとの関連に不可欠です.
- NONOはHIVカプシドの保存された領域を認識し,脱出変異の可能性が限られていることを示唆しています.
結論:
- NONOはHIVカプシドの重要な核センサーとして機能する.
- NONOはcGASによるHIVDNA検出を容易にし,抗ウイルス免疫の開始に不可欠です.
- このNONO媒介による核ウイルスカプシド検出は,宿主成分からウイルス病原体を区別するための先天的な免疫戦略を表しています.
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