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関連する概念動画

Quantum Numbers02:43

Quantum Numbers

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It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.
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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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Introduction to Test of Independence01:21

Introduction to Test of Independence

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In statistics, the term independence means that one can directly obtain the probability of any event involving both variables by multiplying their individual probabilities. Tests of independence are chi-square tests involving the use of a contingency table of observed (data) values.
The test statistic for a test of independence is similar to that of a goodness-of-fit test:
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Hypothesis Test for Test of Independence01:16

Hypothesis Test for Test of Independence

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The test of independence is a chi-square-based test used to determine whether two variables or factors are independent or dependent. This hypothesis test is used to examine the independence of the variables. One can construct two qualitative survey questions or experiments based on the variables in a contingency table. The goal is to see if the two variables are unrelated (independent) or related (dependent). The null and alternative hypotheses for this test are:
H0: The two variables (factors)...
8.2K
Law of Independent Assortment02:03

Law of Independent Assortment

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While Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that the two alleles for one gene are separated into different gametes, a different question of how different genes are inherited remains. For example, is the gene for tall plants inherited with the gene for green peas? Mendel asked this question by experimenting with a dihybrid cross; a cross in which both parents are homozygous for two distinct traits resulting in an F1 generation that are heterozygous for both traits.
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Random Error01:04

Random Error

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Random or indeterminate errors originate from various uncontrollable variables, such as variations in environmental conditions, instrument imperfections, or the inherent variability of the phenomena being measured. Usually, these errors cannot be predicted, estimated, or characterized because their direction and magnitude often vary in magnitude and direction even during consecutive measurements. As a result, they are difficult to eliminate. However, the aggregate effect of these errors can be...
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Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

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装置独立の量子ランダム数生成

Yang Liu1,2, Qi Zhao3, Ming-Han Li1,2

  • 1National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

Nature
|October 6, 2018
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

この研究は,デバイス独立量子ランダムナンバー生成 (DIQRNG) がすべての敵に対して安全であることを示しています. 漏れのないベル不等式違反を実現し,安全なアプリケーションのための真の量子ランダム性を生み出します.

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A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

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A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

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科学分野:

  • 量子情報科学
  • 量子暗号法
  • 実験物理学

背景:

  • ランダム性は数値モデリングと暗号化に不可欠です
  • デバイス独立量子ランダムナンバー生成 (DIQRNG) は,デバイスの動作に関する仮定を必要としないことで究極のセキュリティを提供します.
  • DIQRNGの以前の実験は セキュリティ上の制限があったか 抜け穴を埋められなかった

研究 の 目的:

  • 量子と古典の両方の敵に対して安全なDIQRNGシステムを提示します.
  • 確実なランダム性を証明するために,ベルの不等式の抜け穴のない違反を達成します.
  • DIQRNGの実用性を高セキュリティのアプリケーションで実証する.

主な方法:

  • 量子光学技術を活用して 絡み合った光子のペアを生成し 調節し 検出しました
  • 200メートル以上の高い検出効率 (>78%) を達成し,検出の抜け穴の値を超えました.
  • 測量の空間的な分離とランダムなベース設定を確保し,局所的な抜け穴を埋めて無信号条件を満たします.

主要な成果:

  • DIQRNGは,最も一般的な敵に対して安全であることを示しました.
  • Toeplitz-matrixハッシュ技術を使って 96時間で 6.24 x 10 ^ 7の量子認証されたランダムビットで得られた.
  • 不確実なランダム数を生成するために 10^-5未満の失敗確率を達成しました.

結論:

  • この作業は,証明可能な安全なDIQRNGを実現する上で重要な進歩を表しています.
  • 試行錯誤は リアルで予測不可能な ランダム性を要求する 実践的な応用に道を開きます
  • この発見は量子ランダム性の 根本的な理解に貢献します