IRE1α-XBP1は,ミトコンドリアの活動を調節することによって,卵巣がんにおけるT細胞機能を制御する
Minkyung Song1,2,3, Tito A Sandoval2,3, Chang-Suk Chae2,3
1Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA.
Nature
|October 12, 2018
まとめ
卵巣がんはT細胞の内プラズマ網膜のストレスを引き起こし,IRE1α- XBP1経路を活性化します. これはT細胞の代謝と抗腫瘍機能を低下させるが,この経路を標的とした治療は免疫反応を回復させる.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 癌 生物学
- 細胞の代謝
背景:
- 腫瘍はT細胞の機能を阻害する 免疫抑制の微小環境を作り出します
- T細胞が腫瘍内の代謝ストレスを感知し,それに反応するメカニズムは完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 卵巣がんがT細胞の代謝と抗腫瘍活性にどのように影響するかを調査する.
- 卵巣がんにおけるT細胞機能不全における,エンドプラズマの網膜ストレスと IRE1α-XBP1経路の役割を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- 卵巣がん患者と患者由来アシテスのT細胞の分析
- 展開タンパク質応答 (UPR) 経路の調査,特に IRE1α-XBP1.
- T細胞代謝,ミトコンドリア呼吸,およびサイトカイン生成 (IFNγ) の測定.
- T細胞におけるXBP1の遺伝子操作 in vitroおよびin vivoマウスモデル.
主要な成果:
- 卵巣がんは,エンドプラズマ網膜のストレスを誘発し,T細胞のIRE1α- XBP1を活性化させ,ミトコンドリアの呼吸とIFNγの生成を抑制する.
- XBP1のアップレギュレーションは,患者の腫瘍におけるT細胞浸透とIFNG mRNAの減少と相関しています.
- 悪性アシテスはT細胞のグルコース吸収とグリコシレーションを阻害し,IRE1α- XBP1の活性化を誘発する.
- XBP1はグルタミン輸送を調節し,グルコース不足の条件下でミトコンドリアの呼吸を制限する.
- IRE1α- XBP1のグリコシライゼーションの回復または抑制は,T細胞の代謝と機能を強化する.
- XBP1が欠けているT細胞は,効果因子能力が向上し,マウスに優れた抗腫瘍免疫を与えます.
結論:
- IRE1α- XBP1経路は,卵巣がんの微小環境におけるT細胞代謝機能障害の重要な媒介である.
- 卵巣がんにおける抗腫瘍免疫を強化するための潜在的戦略は,エンドプラズマの網膜ストレスまたはIRE1α- XBP1シグナリングをターゲットにすることです.
関連する概念動画
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle
6.9K
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
6.9K
Testosterone: Functions and Regulation
2.2K
The intricate hormonal interplay essential for male reproductive health begins with the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus. This hormone prompts the pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). LH targets the Leydig cells in the testes, stimulating them to produce and release testosterone. In concert with testosterone, FSH acts on the Sertoli cells within the seminiferous tubules to facilitate the release of...
2.2K
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
9.2K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
9.2K
Regulated Protein Degradation
8.9K
It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
8.9K
Transfer Function in Control Systems
1.6K
The transfer function is a fundamental concept in the analysis and design of linear time-invariant (LTI) systems. It offers a concise way to understand how a system responds to different inputs in the frequency domain. It serves as a bridge between the time-domain differential equations that describe system dynamics and the frequency-domain representation that facilitates easier manipulation and analysis.
To derive the transfer function, consider a general nth-order linear time-invariant...
To derive the transfer function, consider a general nth-order linear time-invariant...
1.6K
pH Regulation in Cells
7.6K
pH plays a critical role in maintaining normal cellular activities. It helps maintain the structure and function of various proteins, dictates the charge on cellular membranes, and is crucial for metabolic reactions inside the cell. Moreover, cells use the energy from the proton motive force to generate ATP.
Cytosolic pH
Under physiological conditions, the cytosolic pH is slightly more acidic than the extracellular pH. However, cells must prevent further acidification of their cytosol to...
Cytosolic pH
Under physiological conditions, the cytosolic pH is slightly more acidic than the extracellular pH. However, cells must prevent further acidification of their cytosol to...
7.6K


