分離された法医学および生物医学ロキを持つ親族の統計的検出
Jaehee Kim1, Michael D Edge2, Bridget F B Algee-Hewitt1
1Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Cell
|October 16, 2018
まとめ
法医学遺伝学では DNAが重複しないマーカーを使って 親族を特定できます このリンク不均衡法は,SNPプロファイルとマイクロ衛星データベースをリンクし,家族検索を強化し,プライバシーのリスクを明らかにします.
科学分野:
- 法医学遺伝学
- 人口遺伝学
- バイオ情報学
背景:
- 法医学遺伝学における家族検索は,データベースに入力者の親族を見つけるためにDNAプロファイルを使用します.
- 現在の方法は通常,クエリとデータベースプロフィールの間の遺伝マーカーの重なり合いを必要とします.
- 新しいアプローチを探求することは 法医学DNAデータベースの有用性を拡大するために不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 遺伝的マーカーが重複しない場合,関連個体を特定するためにリンクの不均衡を使用する可能性を調査する.
- 異なる種類の遺伝子データ (マイクロサテライトとSNP) を家族検索で相互参照する可能性を評価する.
- 異なる遺伝子データベースを介して 家族検索のプライバシーの影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- マイクロサテライトと全ゲノムSNPマーカーの両方の個体からゲノタイプデータを利用した.
- 相互に重複しないマーカーセットを使用して,関連ペア (親子,兄弟姉妹) を特定するために,結合不均衡分析を適用した.
- マイクロサテライトデータベースとSNPプロフィールを用いて シミュレーションされた家族検索
主要な成果:
- 非重複するマーカーデータを用いて,親子ペアの約30~32%,兄弟ペアの35~36%を成功裏に特定した.
- クエリとデータベースプロファイルが異なるマーカータイプ (SNP vs. マイクロサテライト) を利用すると,家族検索を行う可能性が示されています.
- 共通の遺伝子マーカーがないデータベースを 検索する際に個人やその親戚に対する重大なプライバシーリスクが 強調されました
結論:
- リンクの不均衡は,法医学遺伝学における重複しない遺伝マーカーによる家族検索に有効な方法を提供します.
- このアプローチは,親族の識別のために多様な法医学DNAデータベースを利用する能力を高めます.
- 共有するマーカーがない場合でも,関係するすべての個人のプライバシーを慎重に考慮する必要があります.
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