健康な女性や赤ちゃんにおける不必要な帝王切開を減らすための介入
Ana Pilar Betrán1, Marleen Temmerman2, Carol Kingdon3
1UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction, Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Lancet (London, England)
|October 17, 2018
まとめ
帝王切開の使用を最適化することは,世界的に極めて重要です. 女性,医療提供者,医療システムに関連する要因に対処することは,不必要なCS出産を削減し,母と乳児の結果を改善する鍵です.
科学分野:
- 産婦人科
- 公衆衛生
- 医療サービス研究
背景:
- 帝王切開の割合は世界的に増加しており,その過小または過度の使用は,母と胎児の健康にリスクをもたらしています.
- 不必要なCSの使用を抑制するための現在の介入は,限られた成功を収め,貢献する要因のより深い理解を必要としています.
- CSの頻度が増加する要因を特定することは,その利用を最適化するための効果的な戦略の開発に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 帝王切開 (C-section) の使用に影響を与える要因を,個人 (女性,家族),専門家 (医療提供者),およびシステム (組織,医療システム) の様々なレベルで包括的に検討する.
- CSの行動的,心理的,医療的,経済的要因を検証する.
- 不必要なCS率を減らすための介入の効果を評価する.
主な方法:
- 帝王切開の利用と介入に関する既存の文献の体系的なレビューと統合.
- 患者,医療従事者,医療システムに影響を及ぼす要因の分析
- CS率を最適化するために設計された臨床,教育,およびシステム介入の評価.
主要な成果:
- CS後の外側頭部変異や陰道出産のような臨床的介入は,CSの発生率を減らすことができます.
- 産婦人主導のケアと 産婦人付き合いは 生理学的出産の増加と 改善された結果と 高収入の環境でコストの削減と関連しています
- 提供者訓練,金銭的インセンティブ,訴訟の恐れ,施設のリソース,そしてリーダーシップに対処する多面的な介入は,CSの使用を最適化するために不可欠です.
結論:
- 不必要な帝王切開を減らすには 地域的な状況に合わせた 多要素戦略が必要です
- 女性や医療従事者の懸念や 医療制度や財政的な要因に対処することは 根本的なことです
- 効果的な医療指導と訓練への投資は 必要な場合にのみ CS を行うことを保証するために不可欠です
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