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集熱太陽光発電所の熱交換器用セラミック・メタル複合材料
M Caccia1, M Tabandeh-Khorshid1, G Itskos1
1School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Nature
|October 19, 2018
まとめ
研究者たちは 集中型太陽光発電所用の 新しいセラミック・メタル複合熱交換器を開発しました この材料はより高い動作温度を可能にし,発電効率を高め,よりクリーンなエネルギー生産のコストを削減します.
科学分野:
- 材料科学
- 再生可能エネルギー工学
- 熱力学について
背景:
- 集中太陽光発電 (CSP) プラントは,タービンをより高い温度で稼働させることで,発電効率を高めることができます.
- 現在のCSPシステムは,熱交換器,特に超臨界二酸化炭素 (sCO2) サイクルを使用する熱機械性能によって制限されています.
- より高い温度では,極端な条件に耐える高度な熱交換材料が必要です.
研究 の 目的:
- CSPアプリケーションにおける高温熱交換器のための新しい複合材料の開発と評価.
- sCO2再圧縮サイクルにおける既存の金属合金熱交換器の限界を克服する.
- タービンの入口温度を高め,CSPの効率を高め,温室効果ガスの排出量を削減する.
主な方法:
- 費用対効果の高い化学変換プロセスを用いて,ジルコニウム炭化物 (ZrC) とボルンガム (W) の複合熱交換板の製造.
- 複合物の高温の熱的,機械的,化学的性質の特徴
- 高温と高圧で超臨界の二酸化炭素 (sCO2) での耐腐蝕性試験,表面変更とCO添加.
主要な成果:
- ZrC/W複合物は,高温での優れた性能を示し,1073 Kで350 MPaを超える故障強さを示した.
- 複合材料の熱伝導性は,1073 Kで従来の鉄またはニッケル基合金よりも2〜3倍高かった.
- sCO2での耐腐化は,銅結合とCO添加によって達成され,1023K以上の動作が可能となった.
結論:
- 開発されたZrC/W複合材料は,sCO2サイクルで1023K以上で動作する印刷回路の熱交換器のための堅固な材料です.
- これらの熱交換器は,ニッケル超合金代替品と比較して優れた性能と低コストを提供します.
- 集中型太陽光発電により より競争力のある 持続可能な発電が可能になります
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