関連する実験動画
Updated: Feb 3, 2026
04:17
DNA Virus Detection System Based on RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-SPM and Deep Learning
Published on: May 10, 2024
1.6K
プログラムされたCRISPR-Cas14酵素によるDNA破壊
Lucas B Harrington1, David Burstein2, Janice S Chen1
1Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 20, 2018
まとめ
研究者達は,単一鎖DNA (ssDNA) を正確に標的にし分割する,コンパクトなCRISPR-Cas酵素であるCas14を発見しました. この発見は高精度遺伝分析と 微生物の免疫を理解するための 新たな道を開きます
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 分子生物学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- CRISPR-Casシステムは,外来核酸に対する微生物の適応免疫を与えます.
- 既存のCRISPR-Casツールは,特定のDNA/RNAを標的とする大型RNA誘導Casタンパク質に依存しています.
- 以前は,Casタンパク質の大きさが,その核酵素活性に不可欠であると考えられていた.
研究 の 目的:
- 培養されていないアルカイアで発見された,Cas14と呼ばれる,コンパクトなCRISPR関連ヌクレアスの新しいファミリーを特徴づける.
- Cas14タンパク質の DNA 標的と分裂能力を調べるため
- Cas14のゲノム編集と遺伝子解析における潜在的な応用を探求する.
主な方法:
- 新しいCRISPR-Casシステムを特定するためのメタゲノムデータのバイオ情報分析.
- Cas14ヌクレアスの生化学的特徴
- Cas14-DETECTR検査の開発と応用
主要な成果:
- Cas14の識別,小さな (400-700アミノ酸) RNA誘導核酸の家族.
- Cas14タンパク質は,厳格な配列の制限なしに,標的型単一鎖DNA (ssDNA) の分裂活性を示す.
- ターゲット ssDNA に結合する Cas14 は,高精度 SNP ゲノタイプ化 (Cas14-DETECTR) を可能にする,非特異的な ssDNA 割れ目を誘発する.
結論:
- Cas14は独特の生化学特性を持つ CRISPRに関連した酵素の独特のクラスです.
- Cas14の発見はCRISPRベースのゲノム編集ツールのレパートリーを拡大します
- Cas14-DETECTRは,単核型多形性遺伝子型決定のための敏感で特異的な方法を提供します.
- メタゲノム証拠は,Cas14システムの独立した進化を示唆し,CRISPR免疫の多様な起源を示唆しています.
さらに関連する動画
12:59High-throughput CRISPR Vector Construction and Characterization of DNA Modifications by Generation of Tomato Hairy Roots
Published on: April 30, 2016
18.7K
07:46On-site DNA Detection of Trypanosomatid Parasites and Nosema ceranae Through Alkaline Lysis Coupled to RPA/CRISPR/Cas12a System
Published on: July 18, 2025
985
関連する概念動画
01:59CRISPR
57.9K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
57.9K
02:53CRISPR and crRNAs
19.1K
Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
19.1K
02:34Enzymes
94.7K
Inside living organisms, enzymes act as catalysts for many biochemical reactions involved in cellular metabolism. The role of enzymes is to reduce the activation energies of biochemical reactions by forming complexes with its substrates. The lowering of activation energies favor an increase in the rates of biochemical reactions.
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
94.7K
01:12Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength
539
The rebound hammer test, also known as the Schmidt hammer test, is a non-destructive technique for evaluating the hardness of concrete and, indirectly, the strength of concrete. It operates on the principle that the rebound of a spring-driven mass from a concrete surface correlates to the surface's hardness. The device comprises a mass within a tubular housing, a spring mechanism, and a plunger that strikes the concrete. Upon release, the energy imparted to the mass by the spring causes it...
539
01:19Enzyme Kinetics
104.1K
Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called the rate of reaction. Several factors impact the rate of reaction, including the number of available reactants. Enzyme kinetics is the study of how an enzyme changes the rate of a reaction.
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
104.1K
02:02DNA Topoisomerases
35.5K
Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. These enzymes regulate positive and negative DNA supercoiling without changing the nucleotide sequence. DNA overwinding in a clockwise direction results in positively supercoiled DNA, whereas underwinding in a counterclockwise direction produces negatively supercoiled DNA.
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types. ...
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types. ...
35.5K