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関連する概念動画

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

30.8K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
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Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

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Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
52.4K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

20.6K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
20.6K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

48.5K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
48.5K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

17.0K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
17.0K
Alkali Metals03:06

Alkali Metals

24.6K
Group 1 elements are soft and shiny metallic solids. They are malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. The melting points of the alkali metals are unusually low for metals and decrease going down the group, while the density increases going down the group with the exception of potassium (Table 1).
Table 1: Properties of the alkali metals
24.6K

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Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
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超長単結晶金属有機枠ナノチューブ

Lianli Zou1,2, Chun-Chao Hou3, Zheng Liu4

  • 1Research Institute of Electrochemical Energy , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577 , Japan.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 23, 2018
PubMed
まとめ

研究者は最初の単結晶金属有機フレームワーク (MOF) ナノチューブを開発しました. これらのナノチューブは,高度な充電電池と触媒のための階層的な炭素ナノ構造に変換できます.

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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • ナノテクノロジー
  • 化学について

背景:

  • メタル・オーガニック・フレームワーク (MOF) は多孔性の結晶材料で,様々な用途があります.
  • MOFから新しいナノ構造を開発することは,高度な材料設計に不可欠です.
  • ナノチューブのような一次元 (1D) ナノ構造は,触媒と分離のためのユニークな性質を提供します.

研究 の 目的:

  • 単結晶金属有機枠 (MOF) ナノチューブの最初の製造を報告する.
  • これらのMOFナノチューブを 階層的な炭素ナノ構造に変換することを研究する.
  • 分解とエネルギー貯蔵におけるナノ構造の潜在的応用を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 超長単結晶コバルト有機フレームワーク (Co-MOF) の合成は,無形MOF媒介再結晶化アプローチを使用する.
  • MOFナノチューブの形状,直径,長さ,多チャンネル構造の特徴.
  • 炭素ナノファイバーと階層的な炭素構造を形成するために,アルゴン大気中のCo-MOFナノチューブの炭化.

主要な成果:

  • 単結晶のCo-MOFナノチューブ (~70 nm直径,20-35 μm長) を並列マルチチャネル (1.1 nmウィンドウサイズ) で成功して合成した.
  • 大分子分離のためのナノコラムとしてMOFナノチューブの可能性を実証した.
  • カーボンナノ構造 (コバルトナノ粒子でカーボンナノチューブに包まれたカーボンナノ繊維) を炭素化により製造し,1D形態を保ちます.
  • 階層的な炭素ナノ構造における酸素還元反応のための優れた電気触媒活性が観察されました.

結論:

  • MOFナノチューブおよび関連する1Dナノ構造を製造するための新しい戦略が確立されています.
  • 合成されたMOFナノチューブは,高度な炭素ナノ材料の汎用的な前駆体として機能します.
  • 結果として生じる階層的な炭素ナノ構造は,充電可能なZn-空気電池と電触媒の応用において有望である.