膜脂質組成による細胞呼吸の粘性制御
Itay Budin1,2, Tristan de Rond3,4, Yan Chen3,5
1Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA. keasling@berkeley.edu budin@berkeley.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 27, 2018
まとめ
細菌と酵母菌の脂質組成を工夫することで 膜粘度を変化させることで 細胞呼吸を制御する. これは,電子伝送連鎖 (ETC) の脂質拡散が進化的制約であることを示唆している.
科学分野:
- 膜生物物理学
- 細胞呼吸
- メタボリック・エンジニアリング
背景:
- 生物膜の物理的性質は脂質組成によって決定される.
- 脂質の組成は,生物の間で,そしてその内部で著しく変化します.
- エネルギー伝導における膜粘性の役割は,まだ十分に研究されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 細胞呼吸におけるエネルギー伝達膜粘性の特定の役割を調査する.
- 膜の粘度を設計し制御し,呼吸代謝への影響を観察する.
主な方法:
- エシェリキア・コリで脂肪酸の生物合成を工夫し,内膜の粘度を制御する.
- 脂質不飽和と分岐を操作して 10倍の粘度定位を達成する.
- 拡散結合反応を含む電子輸送連鎖 (ETC) の定量モデルを開発した.
- ミトコンドリアの呼吸を評価した
主要な成果:
- コントロールされた膜粘性は,E. coliの呼吸代謝に有意な影響を及ぼしました.
- 観測された効果は,電子媒介体 (キノン) の拡散が速度を制限するモデルによって説明された.
- 脂質不飽和は酵母におけるミトコンドリア呼吸を調節し,別の生物における発見を確認した.
結論:
- 膜粘性は細胞呼吸の重要な調節因子です
- 電子伝送連鎖 (ETC) 内のコンポーネントの拡散は,膜脂質組成に進化的制約として作用する可能性があります.
- 脂質生物合成の代謝工学は,膜機能を研究するための強力なツールを提供します.
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