関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 2
10:55

Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 2

Published on: April 10, 2009

バクシニアウイルスは,不連続合成によって遅いmRNAを生成する

C Bertholet, E Van Meir, B ten Heggeler-Bordier

    Cell
    |July 17, 1987
    PubMed
    まとめ

    ワクチンウイルスの遅いメッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) は,異常な構造を持っています. これらのmRNAは,タンパク質をコードする配列を他のRNAの3'端に結合することによって形成され,しばしば長いリーダー配列が含まれます.

    さらに関連する動画

    Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 307:35

    Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 3

    Published on: April 13, 2009

    Vaccinia Reporter Viruses for Quantifying Viral Function at All Stages of Gene Expression10:48

    Vaccinia Reporter Viruses for Quantifying Viral Function at All Stages of Gene Expression

    Published on: May 15, 2014

    関連する概念動画

    Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

    Retrovirus Life Cycles

    Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
    Viral Mutations00:36

    Viral Mutations

    A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material for adaptive...
    Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

    Nuclear Export of mRNA

    Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
    Leaky Scanning02:28

    Leaky Scanning

    During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...
    Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

    Viruses with RNA Genomes

    RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
    Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

    Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

    Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...