標的型神経技術は,脊髄損傷の人の歩行を回復させる

Fabien B Wagner^1,2, Jean-Baptiste Mignardot^1,2, Camille G Le Goff-Mignardot^1,2

¹Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.

Nature

|November 2, 2018

まとめ

標的型脊髄刺激神経技術により慢性麻痺の患者で自発的な歩行が可能になりましたこの時空刺激により筋肉のコントロールが回復し運動機能の改善と脊髄損傷の回復につながりました

科学分野:

神経科学
生物医学工学
リハビリテーション医学

背景:

脊髄損傷 (SCI) はしばしば重度の運動障害と麻痺を引き起こす.
幅広いリハビリテーションにもかかわらず,永久的な運動欠乏症は多くの個人に持続します.

研究の目的:

慢性脊髄損傷患者の歩行能力を回復させるための標的型脊髄刺激神経技術を導入する.
運動制御の回復のための時空刺激の有効性を調査する.

主な方法:

リアルタイムで発動するパルスジェネレータを導入した
ランボサクラス脊髄に空間的に選択的な空間時間的な刺激を与え,意図された動きとタイミングを合わせた.
刺激療法と並行してリハビリテーションプログラムを実施しました

主要な成果:

1週間以内に空間時間刺激により地上での歩行中に麻痺した筋肉の適応制御が回復しました
リハビリテーション期間中に運動能力が改善された.
参加者は刺激なしで自発的な筋肉のコントロールを取り戻し,数ヶ月後に刺激を受けた環境で歩き/自転車を運転することができました.

結論:

脊髄刺激神経技術は,SCI後の神経学的回復のための枠組みを提供します.
このアプローチは麻痺を患っている人の日常生活を支えるものです
この研究は,怪我後の自発的な運動制御の回復の可能性を示しています.

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