DPAGT1の構造は,グリコシライゼーションによる疾患のメカニズムを説明し,結核の抗生物質設計を進める
Yin Yao Dong1, Hua Wang2, Ashley C W Pike1
1Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.
Cell
|November 3, 2018
まとめ
この研究では,タンパク質のN-グリコシル化に不可欠な酵素であるDPAGT1の構造が明らかになりました. そのメカニズムの理解により, Mycobacterium tuberculosisに対して有効な新種の無毒抗生物質が設計されました.
科学分野:
- 生物化学
- 構造生物学
- 微生物学
背景:
- タンパク質のN-グリコシレーションは,重要な翻訳後の修正である.
- DPAGT1 (ドリヒルフォスファートN-アセチルグルコサミン-フォスフォトランスフェラーゼ) は,N-グリコシレーションの最初のステップを触媒化する.
- DPAGT1の機能不全は先天性ミアステニクス症候群とグリコシル化障害を引き起こし,その阻害剤であるチュニカミシンは真核生物に毒性がある.
研究 の 目的:
- DPAGT1の構造を,その基質UDP-GlcNAcと阻害剤トゥニカミシンとの複合で解明する.
- DPAGT1触媒のメカニズムと変異がその活動にどのように影響するかを理解する.
- 抗菌薬として応用できる 新型非毒性チューニカミシン類の設計
主な方法:
- DPAGT1の構造を決定するために,X線結晶学を用いた.
- 酵素活性と抑制剤の有効性を評価するために生化学的測定を行った.
- 設計されたアナログの抗菌性を評価するために,in vitro,in cellulo,およびin vivoの研究が行われました.
主要な成果:
- 構造は基板結合モードを明らかにし,DPAGT1の触媒メカニズムを示唆した.
- 病気を引き起こす DPAGT1 変異の理解が強化されました.
- 毒性のない"脂質変化"チュニカミシンが設計され,細菌標的に対して強力な活性を示した.
- これらのアナログは,様々なモデルでMycobacterium tuberculosisに対する有効性を示した.
結論:
- DPAGT1に関する構造的な洞察は,N-グリコシレーションおよび関連疾患のより深い理解を可能にします.
- 開発されたトゥニカミシン類は,Mycobacterium tuberculosisに対する有望な新種の抗生物質を表しています.
- DPAGT1をターゲットにすることで 新種の抗菌薬の開発に有効な戦略が生まれます
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