9 型 の 分泌 システム の 構造 は,新しい タンパク質 輸送 機構 を 明らかに し て い ます
Frédéric Lauber1, Justin C Deme2,3, Susan M Lea4,5
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Nature
|November 9, 2018
まとめ
9型分泌システム (T9SS) トランスロコン,SprAは大きなベータバレルタンパク質です. この構造は 細菌がタンパク質を 輸出する仕組みを明らかにし 深刻な歯周病を理解するのに 極めて重要です
科学分野:
- 細菌のタンパク質分泌メカニズム
- 膜タンパク質の構造生物学
- 微生物の病原性
背景:
- 9型分泌システム (T9SS) は,Fibrobacteres-Chlorobi-Bacteroidetes超族のグラム陰性細菌のタンパク質輸出に不可欠である.
- T9SSは重度の歯周病の病原性における重要な要因である.
- T9SS外膜タンパク質伝導トランスロコンは特徴づけられませんでした.
研究 の 目的:
- 9型分泌系 (T9SS) のタンパク質伝導トランスロコンを構造的に特徴づける.
- T9SSトランスロコンを通じたタンパク質輸送のメカニズムを解明する.
- 細菌の外膜タンパク質の輸出におけるSprAの役割を理解する.
主な方法:
- T9SSトランスロコンの構造を決定するために,冷凍電子顕微鏡 (cryo-EM) が使用されました.
- SprAタンパク質とその複合体とT9SS成分の構造分析
- トランスロコンの孔構造とその相互作用部位の調査.
主要な成果:
- T9SSトランスロコンは,大きな36鎖のトランスメブランベータバレルタンパク質,SprAと特定されました.
- SprAは外側の膜に横の開口を持つ外細胞毛穴を持っています.
- パートナータンパク質はSprA孔へのアクセスを制御し,制御された輸送メカニズムを示しています.
結論:
- SPRAは 独特の構造を持つ 新種のタンパク質輸送機です
- T9SSは,外膜にタンパク質を転移させるための交替アクセスメカニズムを使用しています.
- この構造的な洞察は,細菌の病原性および歯周病におけるT9SSの機能を理解するために極めて重要です.
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