発芽中の酵母亜種におけるゲノム進化のペースとモード
Xing-Xing Shen1, Dana A Opulente2, Jacek Kominek2
1Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
Cell
|November 13, 2018
まとめ
発芽した酵母の進化は 複雑な共通の祖先と 広範囲にわたる特徴の喪失を明らかにしています 遺伝子の横断的な移転ではなく 還元的な進化が 主にこの多様な菌群の多様化を促しています
科学分野:
- 進化生物学
- ゲノミクス
- 菌類学
背景:
- 芽生えた酵母 (Saccharomycotina) は,すべてのバイオームで膨大な遺伝的多様性を表しています.
- 菌類の進化の歴史を理解することは 菌類の多様化を理解するのに不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 発芽した酵母に 堅固な系統を作るために
- 生物の多様化時間軸を推測し,代謝特性進化を分析する.
- 水平遺伝子転送 (HGT) を定量化し,祖先の代謝ツールキットを再構築する.
主な方法:
- 新しく配列化された220種を含む332種の発芽酵母菌のゲノム解析
- 属レベルでの関係と多様化時間を確立するための系統分析.
- 代謝の特徴と祖先の状態を再構築する.
主要な成果:
- デボニアン期に遡る多様化により,12の主要な芽生えた酵母群の堅固なフィロゲニーが確立された.
- 発芽酵母共通の祖先 (BYCA) は代謝的に複雑でした.
- 進化は低HGTと広範な遺伝子/特性の喪失によって特徴付けられ,減少進化が主要な原動力であることを示している.
結論:
- 還元性進化は芽生えた酵母における進化的多様化の主要な方法である.
- サッカロミコチナのゲノムとフェノタイプの進化は主に特性の喪失によって形作られている.
- この研究は,芽生えた酵母に対する包括的な進化の枠組みを提供します.
関連する概念動画
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes
9.1K
While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
9.1K
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes
3.4K
3.4K
Genomics
40.7K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
40.7K
The Evidence for Evolution
48.2K
Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
48.2K
Convergent Evolution
32.9K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
32.9K
Yeast Signaling
17.3K
Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
17.3K


