関連する実験動画
Updated: May 10, 2026

10:37
Toeprinting Analysis of Translation Initiation Complex Formation on Mammalian mRNAs
Published on: May 10, 2018
翻訳開始因子eIF-2のβサブユニットの構造
V K Pathak1, P J Nielsen, H Trachsel
1Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
Cell
|August 26, 1988
まとめ
研究者らは,タンパク質合成開始因子2β (eIF-2β) のヒト遺伝子を特定した. 翻訳に不可欠なこのタンパク質は,RNAの相互作用と酵母タンパク質との機能的類似性を示唆する構造的特徴を持っています.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- タンパク質生化学 タンパク質生化学
背景:
- タンパク質合成は,開始因子によって調節される基本的な細胞プロセスです.
- タンパク質合成開始因子2 (eIF-2) は,変換の速度制限段階において重要な役割を果たします.
- eIF-2サブユニットの構造と機能を理解することは,翻訳制御の解読の鍵です.
研究 の 目的:
- eIF-2のβサブユニットをコードするヒトのcDNAを分離し,特徴づけること.
- 人間のeIF-2βタンパク質の構造的および機能的特性を調査する.
- 人間のeIF-2βを,既知の機能ドメインおよび関連するタンパク質と比較する.
主な方法:
- 人間の肝臓のcDNAライブラリスクリーニングとシーケンシング.
- cDNAトランスクリプトからeIF-2βのインビトロ合成.
- 保存されたモチーフ (GTP結合部位,亜鉛指,ポリリンブロック) のためのタンパク質配列の分析.
- 人間のeIF-2β配列と酵母タンパク質の比較 Sui3.3.
主要な成果:
- eIF-2β (333アミノ酸,38,404Da) をコードする1416bpのヒトcDNAが,成功裏に分離され,配列が決定されました.
- 合成されたeIF-2βは内生的なウサギのeIF-2複合体に組み込まれ,その機能性を確認しました.
- タンパク質には,推定のGTP結合部位,亜鉛指のモチーフ,およびポリリシンブロックを備えた充電されたN端領域が含まれており,RNA結合能力を示唆しています.
- ヒトのeIF-2βと酵母Sui3の間で,特にポリリシンと亜鉛指の領域で,有意な配列同一性が発見されました.
結論:
- 人間のeIF-2βサブユニットには,RNAの相互作用を示す構造的特徴と,翻訳開始における役割があります.
- 特定された構造的モチーフは保存されており,eIF-2β活性にとって機能的に重要な可能性が高い.
- 酵母Sui3とのホモロジーは,タンパク質合成の調節におけるこれらのドメインの機能的重要性を支持する.
関連する概念動画
Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Improving Translational Accuracy
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Initiation of Translation
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Initiation of Translation
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...

