放射線療法とセトキシマブまたはシスプラチンによるヒトパピローマウイルス陽性口がん (NRG 腫瘍学RTOG 1016):ランダム化,多センター,非劣等性試験
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
PubMedで要約を見る
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。ヒトパピローマウイルス (HPV) 陽性口がんでは,放射線療法とセトゥキシマブによる生存率は,放射線療法とシスプラチンとの比較では維持されなかった. シスプラチンは依然として標準治療法であり,患者にとってより良い結果をもたらします.
科学分野
- 腫瘍学
- 頭頸部がんの研究
- 臨床試験
背景
- ヒューマン・パピローマウイルス (HPV) 陽性口腔状細胞癌 (OPSCC) の患者は,通常,放射線治療とシスプラチンで高い生存率を示します.
- この患者群でシスプラチンとセトゥキシマブを交換した際の有効性と毒性は不明でした.
研究 の 目的
- 放射線療法とシスプラチンに比べて,放射線療法とセトキシマブが,HPV陽性OPSCC患者の高い全生存率を維持し,治療の毒性を減らすことができるかどうかを調査する.
- セトゥキシマブベースの治療の全生存率の非劣等性を評価する.
主な方法
- 849人のHPV陽性OPSCC患者が参加した無作為化,多センター,非劣等性試験 (RTOG 1016).
- 患者はセトキシマブと放射線治療,またはシスプラチンと放射線治療を受けるように割り当てられました.
- 主なエンドポイントは全生存率で,不劣度差は1. 45でした. 二次的エンドポイントには,進行性のない生存率と毒性率が含まれていた.
主要な成果
- 放射線療法とセトゥキシマブは全生存期における非劣等性基準を満たさなかった (HR1. 45),シスプラチンでは5年生存率は77. 9%と84. 6%であった.
- 症状の進行のない生存率はセトゥキシマブ群で有意に低かった (HR1. 72),局所的な失敗率は高かった.
- 急性および後期的な中等から重度の毒性の割合は,セトキシマブとシスプラチン群の間で類似した.
結論
- 放射線療法とセトキシマブ併用は,HPV陽性OPSCC患者で,放射線療法とシスプラチンとの比較で,全生存率と発症フリー生存率の低下を示した.
- 放射線治療とシスプラチンは,HPV陽性口腔がんの適格な患者の標準治療として確認されています.
関連する概念動画
In preparing for oropharyngeal airway suctioning, a nurse must gather all necessary equipment, including a suction unit with tubing, a prepackaged suction kit, sterile gloves, water or saline for irrigation, a water-soluble lubricant, and additional personal protective equipment (such as a gown, mask, and goggles) to control infections.
After assembling the equipment, the nurse should practice hand hygiene and don appropriate PPE according to infection control guidelines to avoid the...
Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
A problem-solving strategy is a plan of action used to find a solution. Different strategies have distinct action plans. Trial and error involves trying different solutions until one works. For instance, to fix a broken printer, you might check ink levels, ensure the paper tray isn't jammed, and verify the printer's connection to your laptop. This method can be time-consuming but is commonly used. Thomas Edison, for example, used trial and error to find a suitable filament for the light...
Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area.
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...