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Conjugated Proteins02:50

Conjugated Proteins

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Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
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Conjugated Proteins02:50

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The Thoracic Cage: Sternum01:17

The Thoracic Cage: Sternum

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The thoracic or rib cage forms the body's thorax (chest) portion. Its primary function in the body is to protect vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and the lungs. It consists of 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum. The ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12).
The sternum is the elongated bony structure on the anterior side of the thoracic cage. It consists of three parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid...
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The Thoracic Cage: Ribs01:20

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Ribs are curved, flattened bones forming the thoracic cavity wall with the thoracic muscles. There are 12 pairs of thoracic ribs. The posterior ends of all the ribs articulate with the T1–T12 thoracic vertebrae. In contrast,the anterior ends of most ribs attach to the sternum via their costal cartilages.
Parts of a Typical Rib
A typical rib has a head, neck, and body. The posterior end of the rib is called the head, followed by a narrow neck. The head articulates primarily with the costal...
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Conjugation is a form of horizontal gene transfer that primarily occurs in bacteria and some archaea, promoting genetic diversity and adaptation. Bacteria can acquire resistance genes through conjugative plasmids, allowing them to survive antibiotic treatments that would otherwise be lethal. This process involves direct contact between cells through specialized structures such as the sex pilus and is mediated by conjugative plasmids, including the F (fertility) factor.Conjugation requires...
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Bacterial conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer that enables the exchange of genetic material between bacterial cells through direct contact. This process is facilitated by a donor cell carrying a conjugative plasmid, which encodes genes necessary for pilus formation, DNA replication, and transfer. The conjugative plasmid plays a central role in initiating and executing the transfer of genetic material.The tra region of the conjugative plasmid encodes proteins responsible for...
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三次元完全結合カルバポルフィリンケージ

Xian-Sheng Ke1, Taeyeon Kim2, Qing He1

  • 1Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712-1224 , United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 20, 2018
PubMed
まとめ

研究者は新型の3次元拡張カルバポルフィリンケージを 合成しました 陽子化により,この非芳香の分子は,かなり大きな空洞と調節可能な電子特性を有する芳香系に変換されます.

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科学分野:

  • 有機化学
  • 超分子化学
  • 材料科学

背景:

  • カーバポルフィーリンは,独特の電子および構造特性を有するマクロサイクル化合物です.
  • 新しい3次元 (3D) の分子構造を開発することは,先進的な材料にとって極めて重要です.
  • マクロサイクルの芳香度と空洞の大きさを調整すると,新しい機能が生まれます.

研究 の 目的:

  • 完全結合した 3D 拡張カルバポルフィリンを合成する
  • プロトネーションによる構造的および電子的変化を調査する.
  • この新しいカルバポルフィーリンが 調節可能な用途に持つ可能性を 探求する.

主な方法:

  • [2+4]の凝縮と酸化を含む1ポット合成.
  • 構造分析のための単一結晶X線 difraktion.
  • 芳香度と電子特性を評価するためのスペクトロスコピック技術 (UV対NIR,1H NMR) と計算方法 (NICS,ACID)

主要な成果:

  • 新しい3D拡張カルバポルフィリン (2) がケージのような構造で成功して合成されました.
  • 製造されたカルバポルフィーリンは無芳香であり,NICS値がほぼゼロである.
  • トリフッ素酸によるプロトネーションは,大きな負のNICS値と興奮状態の寿命の増加によって示される,全般的な芳香性を誘導する.
  • プロトネーションにより,穴の大きさは約143 Å3に増加します.

結論:

  • 完全に結合された3Dケージ構造を持つ最大のカルバポルフィリンが作成されました.
  • プロトネーションは,このカルバポルフィリンの芳香度と空洞の寸法を調整する効果的な戦略です.
  • この研究は,制御可能な電子的および構造的特性を持つ機能的なマクロサイクル材料を設計するための道を開きます.