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States of Water01:23

States of Water

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Water exists in any one of the three classical states: solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (steam or water vapor). The state of water depends on i) the intermolecular forces that draw molecules together and ii) the kinetic energy that leads to movements that pull them apart.
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
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The Water Cycle01:00

The Water Cycle

28.5K
The Earth’s hydrosphere includes all of the areas where the storage and movement of water occurs. Since water is the basis of all living processes, the cycling of water is extremely important to ecosystem dynamics.
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Water and Mineral Acquisition02:34

Water and Mineral Acquisition

35.7K
Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.
35.7K
Quality of Water01:19

Quality of Water

561
In concrete preparation, the quality of water is paramount as it affects the strength and durability of the concrete. Potable water is usually preferred; however, it must not have excessive sodium or potassium to prevent compromising the concrete's integrity. Water quality is typically evaluated based on impurities such as dissolved solids, chlorides, and sulfates, and its pH value is ideally between 6 and 8. Even slightly acidic natural water may be acceptable unless it contains harmful...
561
Water: A Bronsted-Lowry Acid and Base02:30

Water: A Bronsted-Lowry Acid and Base

58.7K
The reaction between a Brønsted-Lowry acid and water is called acid ionization. For example, when hydrogen fluoride dissolves in water and ionizes, protons are transferred from hydrogen fluoride molecules to water molecules, yielding hydronium ions and fluoride ions:
58.7K
Regulation of Water Intake01:25

Regulation of Water Intake

2.8K
Osmolality refers to the number of solute particles per kilogram of solvent in a solution. Plasma osmolality specifically indicates the total number of solute particles per kilogram of water in blood plasma. This value reflects the body's hydration status and is tightly regulated through mechanisms controlling water intake and output. While water consumption is a conscious decision, the body has intrinsic regulatory systems to maintain fluid balance. Dehydration, a state of water deficit...
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Updated: Feb 2, 2026

In Situ Characterization of Boehmite Particles in Water Using Liquid SEM
11:59

In Situ Characterization of Boehmite Particles in Water Using Liquid SEM

Published on: September 27, 2017

9.7K

水 は の よう な 液体

Tomaz Urbic1, Ken A Dill2

  • 1Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology , University of Ljubljana , Večna pot 113 , Ljubljana SI-1000 , Slovenia.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 22, 2018
PubMed
まとめ

水の水素結合 (HB) とレナード・ジョーンズ (LJ) 相互作用が,その物理的性質をどのように決定するのか,新しい統計的機械モデルが明らかにしている. この分析モデル"ケージウォーター"は 水の振る舞いを正確に予測し 異常な性質を洞察します

科学分野:

  • 物理化学
  • 統計的メカニズム
  • 凝縮物質物理学

背景:

  • 液体の水の物理的性質は まだ十分に理解されていません
  • 既存のモデルでは 水の異常な行動や 構造と性質の関係について 完全に説明できません

研究 の 目的:

  • 液体の水の予測的な統計的機械モデルを開発する.
  • 水のエネルギー,体積,および異常特性を支配する分子メカニズムを解明する.
  • "二重密度の液体"という 水の構造のパラダイムに挑戦するためです

主な方法:

  • 分析モデル"ケージウォーター"の導入
  • 水素結合 (HB) とレナード・ジョーンズ (LJ) の相互作用を組み込む.
  • 水の既知のエネルギー,体積,および異常特性に対する検証

主要な成果:

  • "ケージウォーター"モデルは 水の物理的性質を正確に予測します
  • 新しい対抗性を特定しました 水対水 HBsは密度を高め,協力的なケージ HBsは開放性を高めます
  • このバランスの温度と圧力の依存性を証明し,超冷却水の液体-液体相移行を説明した.

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The Preparation of Electrohydrodynamic Bridges from Polar Dielectric Liquids
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The Preparation of Electrohydrodynamic Bridges from Polar Dielectric Liquids

Published on: September 30, 2014

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Preparation of Free-Surface Hyperbolic Water Vortices
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Preparation of Free-Surface Hyperbolic Water Vortices

Published on: July 28, 2023

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Feb 2, 2026

In Situ Characterization of Boehmite Particles in Water Using Liquid SEM
11:59

In Situ Characterization of Boehmite Particles in Water Using Liquid SEM

Published on: September 27, 2017

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The Preparation of Electrohydrodynamic Bridges from Polar Dielectric Liquids
10:03

The Preparation of Electrohydrodynamic Bridges from Polar Dielectric Liquids

Published on: September 30, 2014

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Preparation of Free-Surface Hyperbolic Water Vortices
04:35

Preparation of Free-Surface Hyperbolic Water Vortices

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結論:

  • カージウォーターモデルは 計算上効率的で正確な 液体の水の理解の枠組みを提供します
  • "2密度の液体"概念とは異なる,水の構造-特性関係の新しい分子基盤を明らかにした.
  • 地質物理学,生物分子モデリング,水浄化,グリーン化学の材料科学の潜在的応用