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恐竜の卵の色は 進化の過程で"つしかなかった

Jasmina Wiemann1, Tzu-Ruei Yang2, Mark A Norell3

  • 1Department of Geology & Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. jasmina.wiemann@yale.edu.

Nature
|November 23, 2018
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

現代の鳥は卵の色を 鳥以外のセロポッド恐竜から受け継ぎ 独立して進化しなかった この古代の特徴は 化石化した恐竜の卵で見つかりました 現代の鳥より前の 複雑な生殖行動を示しています

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科学分野:

  • 古生物学
  • 進化生物学
  • 生地化学

背景:

  • 鳥は卵に色をつけている 唯一の哺乳類で 長い間 鳥類の発明と考えられてきました
  • 最近の発見は 鳥の卵の色を 鳥以外の恐竜の卵殻に 染色する物質を明らかにしました
  • これは卵の色彩の進化的起源について疑問を投げかけます 遺伝するのでしょうか それとも独立して進化したのでしょうか?

研究 の 目的:

  • 鳥類以外の恐竜の卵の色を 遺伝学的に評価するために
  • 卵の色が 鳥類以外の恐竜から受け継いだものなのか 鳥類から独立して進化したのかを 調べるためでした

主な方法:

  • 高解像度のラマン顕微鏡検査は 主要な恐竜群の化石化した卵殻に適用された.
  • 顔料の存在と分布は,光譜と表面マッピングを用いて分析された.
  • 染色体沈着のメカニズムを調査するために深部プロファイリングが使用されました.

主要な成果:

  • 卵の色素は 分析された全てのエウマニラプトラ恐竜の卵殻に保存された.
  • 卵の色付けは鳥類以外のセロポッド恐竜に起源があり,オルニチスキアやサウロポッドの卵には証拠はありません.
  • ノナヴィアンのエウマニラプトランの卵は,現存する鳥に似た斑点と斑点のパターンを示し,複雑な生殖行動を示した.
  • 非鳥類と鳥類の恐竜の卵のピグメント堆積のメカニズムは同じでした.

結論:

  • 卵の色付けは 鳥類の発明ではなく 恐竜の深いところから進化した 古代の特徴です
  • 現代の鳥は 鳥以外の恐竜の祖先から 卵の色を継承しました
  • この発見は 鳥類以外の恐竜の 繁殖戦略が以前より複雑であることを示唆しています