Drosophila の CO2に対する惹きつけと嫌悪を媒介する,活動に左右される明確な経路
Floris van Breugel1,2, Ainul Huda1, Michael H Dickinson3
1California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Nature
|November 23, 2018
まとめ
フルーツ・フライ (Drosophila) は 活発に餌を探しているときに 二酸化炭素 (CO2) に惹かれ 行動のパラドックスを解明します この引き寄せは,エタノールに対する一貫した引き寄せとは異なり,IR25a受容体によって媒介されます.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 動物 の 行動
- 嗅覚信号
背景:
- 二酸化炭素 (CO2) は 昆虫が宿主や食物などの 資源を特定するために使う 揮発性のあるシグナルです
- ドロソフィラ・メラノガスターはCO2を生成する酵母を食べると知られていますが,実験室での研究ではCO2を避けることが示唆されています.
- これは,ドロソフィラの行動におけるCO2の役割に関するパラドックスです.
研究 の 目的:
- ドロソフィラ・メラノガスターの CO2 引き寄せと反発のパラドックスを解明する.
- CO2検出と対応における行動状態の役割を調査する.
- CO2の吸引に関与する嗅覚受容体を特定する
主な方法:
- 飛ぶドロソフィラと歩くドロソフィラにおけるCO2とエタノールに対する魅力と嫌悪を測定する行動分析
- IR25aを含む特定の嗅覚受容体の機能を評価するための遺伝子操作.
- 異なる行動状態における反応の比較 (活発な餌探しと低活動).
主要な成果:
- ドロソフィラは活発で餌を探している状態でCO2に惹かれますが,活動していない場合は避けます.
- エタノールはすべての行動状態でドロソフィラに魅力的で,CO2よりも強い好みがあります.
- イオノトロプ的共受容体IR25aはCO2の引き寄せに不可欠であり,CO2回避メカニズムは異なっている.
結論:
- CO2に対するドロソフィラの反応は 状態に依存し 餌を探す活動に影響されます
- IR25aは,ドロソフィラのCO2吸引を媒介する上で重要な役割を果たしています.
- この研究は 状態や匂いに依存する意思決定の 神経的基盤の洞察を提供します
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