アンフィオックススの機能ゲノミクスと脊椎動物の遺伝子調節の起源
Ferdinand Marlétaz1,2, Panos N Firbas3, Ignacio Maeso4
1Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Nature
|November 23, 2018
まとめ
この研究は,脊椎動物の遺伝子調節が 単純なコード状態から進化し,全ゲノム複製が 規制の複雑性と特異性を引き起こすことを示している. 重要な遺伝子発現パターンは 発達初期に保存されます
科学分野:
- 進化ゲノミクス
- 比較ゲノミクス
- 発達生物学
背景:
- 脊椎動物は2つの全ゲノム複製によって形成された複雑なゲノムを持っています.
- 遺伝子調節の進化を理解することは,重要な脊椎動物のイノベーションを特定するために重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- アムフィオックススのゲノムをシーケンシングすることで,コードドアのゲノム調節の進化を調査する.
- アンフィオクサスと脊椎動物の遺伝子発現を比較する.
主な方法:
- ブランキオストマ・ランセオラタム (地中海アンフィオクサス) のゲノム解析
- DNAメチル化,クロマチンのアクセシビリティ,ヒストンの改変の特徴.
- トランスクリプトーム分析 発達段階と成人の組織
主要な成果:
- アンフィオクサスと脊椎動物の 進化の中間段階を特定した
- 遺伝子発現とシス調節ロジックの保全が高く,胚型期中期にピークに達した.
- 脊椎動物における複製遺伝子の80%以上は発現を制限し,専門化と規制の複雑性を高めることを示した.
結論:
- Amphioxusは,脊椎動物の革新を先導する 規制の状況についての洞察を提供します.
- 全ゲノム複製は脊椎動物の遺伝子調節と複雑性の進化において重要な役割を果たした.
- 副機能化ではなく遺伝子発現の特化が 脊椎動物の複製遺伝子の 主要な進化の経路であった.
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