南西風と南極の気候の急激な氷河期の変化が北から押し寄せた
Christo Buizert1, Michael Sigl2, Mirko Severi3
1College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA. buizertc@oregonstate.edu.
Nature
|November 30, 2018
まとめ
南半球の西風は北大西洋の急激な気候変化に伴い,海洋循環と炭素交換を通じて地球温暖化に影響を与えます. この研究は,これらのイベントに対する南極の温度反応の2つのモードを明らかにします.
科学分野:
- 古代気候学
- 気候の動態
- 大気科学
背景:
- 南半球の西風は,世界の気候の調節に不可欠であり,海洋の上昇,炭素循環,氷床の安定性に影響を与えます.
- 北大西洋の急激な気候現象 (ダンズガード・オシュガーサイクル) に応じて,これらの風のパラレル熱帯収束地帯の変化を仮説化している.
- これらのサイクルに関連した正確な大気循環反応と南極の温度効果は,まだ完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- ダンスガード・オシュガー (DO) サイクルに対する南極の温度反応を調査する.
- 南半球の大気循環が 急激な気候変動で果たす役割を明らかにする.
- 南半球の西風の移転とその地球規模の気候への影響に関する観測的証拠を提供すること.
主な方法:
- 五つの氷のコアの同期 火山のマーカーを使用して 正確なタイムラインを確立します
- 南極の気温記録とデュテリウム過剰を分析して 過去の気候条件を推論する.
- 観測された南極の気温の異常と,二極の揺れや南極の環状気流のような既知の気候モードの比較.
主要な成果:
- 南極の温度反応には,2つの異なるモードがあります. 遅い海洋"双極性揺り"と同期的な大気モードです.
- 大気モードの温度異常は南環状モードに似ており,南米太平洋パターンではありません.
- デュテリウムの過剰記録は,南半球の西風と北半球の気候のシフトが同期して盆地全体に移動していることを示しています.
結論:
- 北半球の急激な気候変動によって引き起こされる南極周辺の気温変動を理解するための概念的枠組みが提示されています.
- 観測証拠は,南半球の西風の急激な変化を確認し,地球規模の海洋循環と大気中のCO2に重大な影響を及ぼしています.
- この発見は,純粋に北大西洋を中心に,ダンズガード・オシュガーサイクルを理解するためのグローバルな視点の必要性を強調しています.
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