ネオコーテックスへの急速な経路: 後頭皮質のメモリエングラム

S Brodt^1,2, S Gais³, J Beck³

¹Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. svenja.brodt@uni-tuebingen.de.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|December 1, 2018

まとめ

新しい研究が示しているのは

科学分野:

神経科学
認知心理学
記憶に関する研究

背景:

システムの記憶統合モデルでは急速な海馬と遅い新皮質の学習が提案されています
新皮質の記憶の貢献は伝統的に海馬に依存していると考えられている.
新皮質の記憶痕跡の形成の速度と位置については議論が続いている.

研究の目的:

人間の脳新皮質の急速な記憶の形成を調査する
新皮質の学習が遅いという伝統的な見解に異議を唱えるためです
快速メモリエンコーディングの神経メカニズムを特定する

主な方法:

微細構造の可塑性を評価するために,拡散重量磁気共振画像 (dMRI) を用いる.
オブジェクト位置学習タスク中の機能的な脳活動測定
後頭皮質の学習特有の変化の分析

主要な成果:

学習から1時間以内に背後の頭皮質で急速な微細構造の可塑性が検出された.
新皮質の可塑性は学習特有であり,記憶と相関していた.
観察された微細構造の変化は12時間以上続いた.
機能的な活動は,可塑性を示す領域と重なり合っている.

結論:

人間の後頭上皮質は永続的な記憶のエングラムを素早く形成します
これは慢性皮質記憶の確立されたモデルに挑戦しています
記憶形成の新皮質への貢献が予想より速いことが示されています

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