産業用および農業用アンモニアの点源

Martin Van Damme¹, Lieven Clarisse², Simon Whitburn³

¹Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Atmospheric Spectroscopy, Brussels, Belgium. martin.van.damme@ulb.ac.be.

Nature

|December 7, 2018

まとめ

大気中のアンモニアは空気の質と健康に影響します衛星データは248の排出ホットスポットを明らかにし,現在の在庫は産業および農業の源を過小評価しており,排出量の評価を改訂する必要があります.

科学分野:

大気化学と空気質
環境科学と遠隔検知

背景:

大気中のアンモニアは,大気質,人間の健康,生態系の酸化,栄養失調,気候変動に大きな影響を及ぼします.
アモニアの排出は主に農業と産業によるものですが,排出予算と源の割り当ては不確実です.

研究の目的:

衛星観測を用いて世界のアンモニア排出ホットスポットを特定し,分類し,定量化する.
衛星データによる現在の排出量調査の精度を評価する.

主な方法:

大気アンモニアの高解像度地図を作成するために,ほぼ10年間の毎日の赤外線大気音響干渉計 (IASI) 衛星観測を利用しました.
248のアンモニア排出ホットスポット (直径<50km) を特定し,EDGAR排出量インベントリーと比較した.

主要な成果:

248のアンモニア排出ホットスポットが発見され,主に単一または集積された農業および産業の点源に関連しています.
EDGARのリストは,少なくとも3分の2の特定されたホットスポットからの排出量を過小評価しており,産業的な源はしばしば誤った位置または欠落しています.
衛星データでは,特にポイントソースでは,既存の在庫と相違が大きいことが明らかになった.

結論:

人為的なアンモニアの発生源に関する現在の排出量調査は,特に点源からの実際の排出量を正確に反映するため,大幅な改訂が必要である.
正確なアンモニア排出量は,健康と環境への影響評価の改善と効果的な窒素管理戦略に不可欠です.

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