大気汚染と心臓のモルフォ機能的現象との関連:英国バイオバンクの人口イメージング研究からの洞察
Nay Aung1, Mihir M Sanghvi1, Filip Zemrak1
1William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, UK; Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service Trust, London, UK.
Circulation
|December 8, 2018
まとめ
交通関連の大気汚染,特に微細粒子と二酸化窒素は,心臓病のない人の心室の拡大と関連しています. この心臓の改造は 心不全の発生に先行するかもしれません
科学分野:
- 環境衛生科学
- 心血管イメージング
- 流行病学
背景:
- 大気汚染は心血管疾患と死亡率の 既知の危険因子です
- 心臓の構造と機能に対する大気汚染物質の具体的な影響は,まだ十分に調査されていない.
- これらの効果を理解することは公衆衛生と予防心血管学にとって極めて重要です
研究 の 目的:
- 交通関連の大気汚染物質への慢性的な曝露と心室の寸法との関係を調査する.
- 空気汚染物質とエジェクション分数と左心房の改造パターンの関連性を評価する.
- 大規模な集団の研究で,潜在的な混乱要因を制御する.
主な方法:
- 粒子 (<2.5ミクロン) と二酸化窒素への曝露を推定する土地利用回帰モデルを使用した (2005年−2010年).
- 心血管の磁気共鳴画像データを分析した.
- 多変数線形回帰モデルを用いて,関連性を評価し,混同因子を調整した.
主要な成果:
- 粒子の高濃度 (<2. 5ミクロン) は,左心室と右心室の末端ダイアストリックと末端シストリック量の増加と有意に関連していました.
- 二酸化窒素濃度の上昇は,より大きな二室体積と相関しています.
- 主要な道路からの距離が大きいと左心室の質量が減ったが,心房のパラメータとLVの幾何学的なパターンは影響を受けなかった.
結論:
- 無症状の集団では,粒子 (<2. 5ミクロン) と二酸化窒素への過去の暴露は心室の膨張と関連しています.
- この心房の膨張は 心臓の逆転を意味し 心不全の予兆です
- 発見は,一般的な大気汚染物質の亜臨床的心血管への影響を強調しています.
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