種子を通して無性繁殖のために再誘導された雄性発現した米の胚性トリガー
Imtiyaz Khanday1,2, Debra Skinner1, Bing Yang3
1Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Nature
|December 14, 2018
まとめ
植物における受精には,精子細胞から BABY BOOM1 (BBM1) のような特定の転写因子が必要です. この遺伝子は無性繁殖 (パルテノゲネシス) を誘導し,ハイブリッド作物のクローン繁殖を可能にします.
科学分野:
- 植物生殖生物学
- 分子遺伝学
- 発達生物学
背景:
- 花開き植物における受精依存の胚形成を制御する分子機構は,ほとんど不明のままである.
- これらの経路を理解することは 植物育種と作物の改善に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- BABY BOOM1 (BBM1) の植物胚形成の開始における役割とその無性繁殖の可能性を調査する.
- 複合作物を作る可能性を探求する.
主な方法:
- 米 (Oryza sativa) のAP2転写因子であるBABY BOOM1 (BBM1) の機能を研究した.
- 無性繁殖のために卵細胞とゲノム編集技術 (MiMe) でBBM1の外部発現を利用した.
- BBM1,BBM2,BBM3の遺伝子ノックアウト実験を行いました
主要な成果:
- 卵細胞内のBBM1の外部発現は受精を回避してパルテノゲネシスを誘発する.
- 男性から伝達されたBBM1は,トリプルBBMノックアウト変異体で胚の発達を救った.
- BBM1発現とMiMeゲノム編集を組み合わせることで,生命力のある異卵性クローン子孫が生成された.
結論:
- BBM1のような多能性因子の男性ゲノム伝播は,胚形成の受精要件を媒介する.
- 種子の増殖によって複合性の維持を可能にする作物における無性繁殖は可能である.
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