オーガノイドでモデル化されたヒトの皮質発達のトランスクリプトームとエピジェノームの風景
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 15, 2018
まとめ
人間の脳のオルガノイドは 早期の脳皮質の発達をモデル化し 遺伝子とエンハンサーの活動パターンを明らかにします この研究は 早期の人間の脳の発達における 自閉症スペクトル障害の 潜在的要因を特定しています
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 発達生物学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- 脳の早期発達と 神経精神疾患の研究は 縦断的に難しいものです
- 神経精神疾患に関連する遺伝子は 発達中の人間の脳で発現します
研究 の 目的:
- 人間の多能細胞から派生したオルガノイドを用いて早期の脳皮質の発達をモデル化する.
- 早期の脳の発達に不可欠な分子変化と 制御要素を特定する
- 遺伝子要素と自閉症スペクトル障害の関連を調べる
主な方法:
- 人間の多能幹細胞から脳器官を生成する.
- マルチオミクス分析 (遺伝子と増強剤の活動)
- 遺伝子と強化剤の共同調節パターンを特定するためのネットワーク分析.
主要な成果:
- オーガノイドは,受胎後16週までの脳皮質の分子の発達を正確にモデル化します.
- 幹細胞から原始細胞への移行の間に,遺伝子と増強剤の活動に大きな変化が観察されました.
- 特定の遺伝子強化モジュールは,ヒト特有の進化的変化と自閉症に関連した遺伝的変異と関連していました.
結論:
- 人間の脳のオルガノイドは,早期の脳の発達と病気を研究するための貴重なモデルを提供します.
- 初期の発達の遺伝子と 増強剤の活動パターンは 脳の形成に不可欠です
- このモデルは自閉症のような 神経精神疾患に寄与する 機能的な遺伝要素を発見するのに役立ちます
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