炭素-炭素結合の酵素組成 鉄触媒 sp3 C-H 機能化
Ruijie K Zhang1, Kai Chen1, Xiongyi Huang1
1Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Nature
|December 21, 2018
まとめ
研究者は,選択的なsp3 C-H結合アルキル化のための新しい鉄ベースの触媒を開発した. これらの遺伝子組み換え酵素は,C-H機能化化学における貴金属触媒に 持続可能な代替手段を提供している.
科学分野:
- 生物触媒
- 有機化学
- 酵素工学
背景:
- 炭素-水素 (C-H) 結合は通常非反応性であり,化学的操作を制限する.
- sp3 C-H結合の選択的機能化は,有機合成における重要な課題である.
- 高貴な金属触媒はC-H機能化に優勢ですが,環境とコストの懸念があります.
研究 の 目的:
- sp3 C−H結合アルキル化のための新しい,選択的,持続可能な触媒を開発する.
- 伝統的な金属触媒の代替品として,C-H機能化のためにエンジニアリングされた酵素を活用する.
- 複雑な有機変換のための鉄ベースの生物触媒の可能性を調査する.
主な方法:
- サイトクロームP450酵素 (サイトクロームP411) を合成し,システインをセリンで代用する.
- C-H機能化のための酵素活性と選択性を調整する方向の進化.
- カルベンの挿入による触媒的なsp3C-H結合アルキル化に使用される鉄-ヘム共因子.
主要な成果:
- sp3 C-H結合のエナチオセレクティブ,レジオセレクティブ,そしてケモセレクティブの分子間アルキレーションを達成した.
- 多種多様な基板 (ベンジル系,アリル系,α-アミノC-H結合) で高い周回率と優れた選択性を示した.
- エンジニアリングされた鉄触媒を用いて天然製品への簡潔な合成経路を開発しました.
結論:
- sp3 C-H機能化のための強力で持続的なプラットフォームを提供する.
- エンジニアリングされた酵素は,C-H機能化における貴金属触媒の有効な代替品を提供します.
- ハームタンパク質は,アビオロジカルな変換と合成生物学の応用のための有望なバイオカタリストのクラスです.
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