腸内微生物群の喪失は免疫系の構成を変化させ,心臓発作後の心臓の修復を阻害する
Tony W H Tang1,2, Hung-Chih Chen2, Chen-Yun Chen2
1Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (T.W.H.T., P.C.C.H.).
Circulation
|December 28, 2018
まとめ
腸内微生物群の減少は,免疫細胞修復機構と短鎖脂肪酸 (SCFA) の減少により,心筋梗塞 (MI) の後の死亡率を大幅に増加させます. 腸内細菌,SCFA,または特定のプロバイオティクスの回復は,心臓発作後の心臓の修復と生存を改善します.
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 免疫学
- 心血管生物学
背景:
- 腸内微生物群は 免疫機能や代謝を含む宿主の生理に影響を与えます
- これらの宿主システムは,心筋梗塞 (MI) の病理生理学と心臓の修復に不可欠です.
- 腸内微生物群がMIのアウトカムに果たす役割は まだ十分に研究されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 心筋梗塞 (MI) の後の心臓修復に対する腸内微生物群の影響を調査する.
- 腸内微生物群が心臓発作後の回復に影響を与えるメカニズムを解明する.
- MIの改善のための腸内微生物群の調節の治療の可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- MIを誘発する前に抗生物質を使用したマウスの腸内微生物群の減少.
- フローサイトメトリーによる心臓免疫細胞組成の分析
- 腸内微生物のプロファイルの 16S rDNA 配列解析
- 短鎖脂肪酸 (SCFA) の定量化のための高性能液体染色学
- 糞便の微生物移植,単細胞移植,食中のSCFAまたはLactobacillusのプロバイオティックサプリメントを含む介入研究.
主要な成果:
- 抗生物質による腸内微生物の減少は,MI後の用量依存の死亡率につながった.
- 微生物群の減少は,骨髄細胞の割合の減少と,SCFA (アセテート,ブチラート,プロピオネート) のレベルの低下と相関する.
- 心臓の修復が損なわれたことを示す,心臓周辺領域への単細胞浸透の障害が観察されました.
- 糞便の復元,単細胞移植,またはSCFAの補給により,生存率と心臓状態が著しく改善されました.
- 乳球菌のプロバイオティクスの補充は,骨髄細胞の比率とSCFAのバランスを回復し,心臓保護効果を与えました.
結論:
- 腸内微生物群に由来するSCFAは,宿主免疫細胞の構成と心臓の修復能力を維持するために不可欠です.
- 腸内微生物群とSCFAレベルを調節することは,心臓発作後の結果を改善するための有望な治療戦略です.
- 腸内微生物群をターゲットにすることで 心血管の健康を改善し 関連疾患の治療に 新しいアプローチを 提供できるかもしれません
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