再循環する腸のIgA生成細胞は,IL-10経由で神経炎症を調節する
Olga L Rojas1, Anne-Katrin Pröbstel2, Elisa A Porfilio1
1Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
Cell
|January 8, 2019
まとめ
腸由来の免疫グロブリンA (IgA) を生成するプラズマ細胞 (PCs) は,多発性硬化症 (MS) モデルにおける神経炎症を抑制する. 腸内のIgA+PCの減少は疾患の重症度と相関しており,予期せぬ保護的役割を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 神経免疫学
- 微生物群と免疫系の相互作用
- 自己免疫 疾患
背景:
- 多発性硬化症 (MS) の患者の中枢神経系 (CNS) の血細胞 (PCs) が観察されているが,その起源と機能は不明である.
- 中枢神経系の自己免疫性に対する腸内微生物群の影響はますます認識されていますが,特定の細胞メカニズムは完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 実験的な自己免疫性脳内炎 (EAE) 中の中枢神経系における免疫グロブリンA (IgA) 産出プラズマ細胞 (PCs) の起源と役割を調査する.
- 腸に由来するIgA+PCが神経炎症の進行に影響するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- EAEのマウスモデルにおける CNS 血細胞の起源を追跡する.
- 腸と中枢神経系のIgA+ 血細胞とIgA結合細菌を定量化する.
- プラズマブラスト (PB) とPC集団を操作し,EAEの重症度を評価する.
- IgA+ PB/PCによる耐性におけるインタールイキン-10 (IL-10) の役割を評価する.
主要な成果:
- EAEマウスのCNSPCのサブセットは,腸から発生し,IgAを生成する.
- 腸内IgA+PCとIgA結合の糞便細菌は,EAEとMSの再発時に減少する.
- PBs/PCsの枯渇はEAEを悪化させ,腸由来IgA+PCを導入することで逆転させられた.
- 過剰なIgA+ PBs/PCsは,IL-10発現に依存するEAEに対する耐性を授与した.
結論:
- 腸に由来するIgA+プラズマブラストとプラズマ細胞は神経炎症を抑制する上で重要で予期せぬ役割を果たします.
- 腸からのIgA+PCの動員は,MSの潜在的な治療法です.
- IgA+ PBs/PCsによって生成されるインタールイキン-10は,EAEにおける神経炎症に対する耐性を提供するために不可欠である.
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