高レベルのオキシンシグナル伝達が,血管カンビウムの幹細胞組織を定義する

Ondřej Smetana^1,2, Riikka Mäkilä^1,2, Munan Lyu^1,2

¹Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Nature

|January 11, 2019

まとめ

植物におけるキセラム同一性細胞は組織者として働き,血管カンビウム幹細胞を分裂させ,分化させます. このプロセスはオクシンとHD-ZIP IIIの転写因子によって制御され,植物発育に極めて重要です.

科学分野:

植物生物学
発達生物学
遺伝学

背景:

植物形態変異は,幹細胞の分裂と分化を調整するオーガナイザー細胞に依存している.
血管カンビウム幹細胞の特定の位置と組織的な役割は不明である.
木の形成は,血管カンビウムに内側からジレムの生成,外側からフロエムの生成を伴う.

研究の目的:

血管内部の組織細胞を特定する
血管カンピウム幹細胞の活動を調節する分子メカニズムを解明する.
体組織におけるオキシンと転写因子の役割を調査する.

主な方法:

アラビドプシス・タリアナ根の系統追跡研究
分子遺伝分析について
植物ホルモンオキシンのレベル測定
CLASS III HOMEODOMAIN-LEUCINE ZIPPER (HD-ZIP III) の転写因子の発現分析について

主要な成果:

隣接する血管変容細胞を指揮する組織として機能する.
オクシンとHD-ZIP III転写因子の局所的な最大値は,キシレムの同一性と組織体の静止を促進する.
オーガナイザーは非細胞自律的にフロームのアイデンティティを維持します.
単一の二面性幹細胞はキセラムとフロームの両方を生む.
子宮外オキシンシグナリングは,幹細胞のオーガナイザー形成を誘導する.

結論:

骨髄細胞は血管カンビウムで幹細胞のオーガナイザーとして機能する.
アクシンシグナル伝達は,幹細胞オーガナイザーを特定し維持する重要な要因です.
血管カンビウムオーガナイザーは他の植物メリステムオーガナイザーと機能的な類似性を共有しています.

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