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ミトコンドリア複合体IIIは,調節性T細胞の抑制機能に不可欠である
Samuel E Weinberg1, Benjamin D Singer1,2, Elizabeth M Steinert1
1Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Nature
|January 11, 2019
まとめ
免疫抑制にはミトコンドリア複合体IIIが必要である. この複合体を消去すると,Tregの機能が低下し,遺伝子発現が変化し,致命的な炎症を引き起こす.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 細胞の代謝
背景:
- 調節性T (Treg) 細胞は免疫耐性やホメオスタシスに不可欠です.
- Treg細胞は,ミトコンドリアの代謝が増加したユニークな代謝プロファイルを持っています.
- Treg細胞の機能,安定性,生存におけるミトコンドリア呼吸の役割は,以前は不明でした.
研究 の 目的:
- トレグ細胞の抑制能力,安定性,生存に対するミトコンドリア呼吸連鎖の必要性を調査する.
- トレグ細胞機能と関連する分子機構に対するミトコンドリア呼吸障害の影響を決定する.
主な方法:
- T細胞のミトコンドリア呼吸連鎖複合体IIIをT細胞特異的に除去したマウスを生成した.
- 評価されたTreg細胞数,増殖,生存,抑制能力.
- 複合体III欠乏したTreg細胞における遺伝子発現,DNAメチル化,および代謝産物プロファイルを分析した.
主要な成果:
- トレグ細胞特異的な複合体IIIの消去は,マウスで致命的な炎症性疾患を引き起こした.
- Tレグ細胞に複合体IIIが欠けていたマウスは,Tレグ細胞の増殖や生存に影響を与えることなく,T細胞抑制が低下した.
- トレグ細胞の複合III欠乏は,トレグ機能に関連する遺伝子の発現が低下し,Foxp3発現が安定した.
- 複合体IIIの喪失により,DNAメチル化が増加し,TETDNAデメチラゼを阻害する2ヒドロキシグルタレートとサクシネートのレベルが上昇した.
結論:
- ミトコンドリアの呼吸連鎖複合体IIIは,Treg細胞の免疫抑制機能に不可欠である.
- Treg細胞のミトコンドリア呼吸機能の障害は免疫ホメオスタシスを破壊し,炎症性疾患を引き起こす.
- コンプレックスIIIの活動は,Treg細胞特異的な遺伝子発現と機能を維持するために必要であり,潜在的に表遺伝的調節によって可能である.
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