カリシウイルスVP2は,受容体結合後にポータル状の集合体を形成する
Michaela J Conley1, Marion McElwee1, Liyana Azmi2
1Medical Research Council University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK.
Nature
|January 11, 2019
まとめ
猫のカリシウイルスは,受容体結合後に内分泌体から脱出するためにVP2タンパク質ポータルを使用します. この構造はチャネルを形成し,ウイルスのゲノムを宿主細胞に伝染させる.
科学分野:
- ウイルス学
- 構造生物学
- 細胞生物学
背景:
- 多くのウイルスは,宿主細胞に内細胞分裂を経て感染を開始します.
- エンドソームからウイルスが脱出するメカニズムはほとんど不明である.
- 猫のカリシウイルス (FCV) は,重要な影響を持つ非包膜ウイルスです.
研究 の 目的:
- FCVの内体脱出の構造的メカニズムを解明する.
- ウイルスの侵入におけるマイナーカプシドタンパク質VP2の役割を理解する.
主な方法:
- FCVの近原子解像度の冷凍電子顕微鏡 (冷凍EM)
- その受容体,ネコの結合粘着分子A (fJAM-A) に結合したFCVの構造分析.
主要な成果:
- VP2は,受容器の関与時にFCVの3倍軸で12コピーのポータルのようなアセンブリを形成します.
- このアセンブリは装飾されていないヴァリオンでは観察されなかった.
- レセプター結合は局所的な再配置を誘導し,ゲノム放出のためにカプシドの毛穴を開きます.
結論:
- VP2ポータルは,FCVゲノムをエンドソーム膜に伝達するチャネルとして機能します.
- これは,包装されていないウイルスの宿主細胞質への侵入のための新しいメカニズムを提供します.
- この発見は,カリシウイルス族のウイルスと宿主との相互作用と感染経路の理解を進めている.
関連する概念動画
Hepatic Portal System
5.9K
The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
At its core, the hepatic portal vein is the result of a confluence of the superior and inferior mesenteric veins along with the splenic vein. Each of these veins has a unique role. The superior mesenteric vein is...
At its core, the hepatic portal vein is the result of a confluence of the superior and inferior mesenteric veins along with the splenic vein. Each of these veins has a unique role. The superior mesenteric vein is...
5.9K
Internal Receptors
74.6K
Many cellular signals are hydrophilic and therefore cannot pass through the plasma membrane. However, small or hydrophobic signaling molecules can cross the hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane and bind to internal, or intracellular, receptors that reside within the cell. Many mammalian steroid hormones use this mechanism of cell signaling, as does nitric oxide (NO) gas.
74.6K
Protein Complex Assembly
16.7K
Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types. Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
16.7K
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis
110.9K
Overview
110.9K
G-protein Coupled Receptors
132.0K
G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
132.0K
Enzyme-linked Receptors
86.5K
Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
86.5K


