遺伝的に標的となる電圧指標を用いて神経膜の潜在力をスパイする
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 11, 2019
まとめ
新しいVoltageSpy染料は,遺伝的に定義されたニューロンの電圧変化の正確な光学測定を可能にします. これらの化学合成された光センサーは 特定の細胞を標的とし ニューロンの活動画像に高い感度と迅速な反応時間を提供します
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 生物化学
- 光学イメージング
背景:
- 光学電圧測定は,従来の方法と比較して優れた空間的および時間的な解像度を提供します.
- 既存の電圧感受性染料は 細胞を特定する能力がなく 応用が制限されています
- 遺伝的にコードされた電圧指標は細胞特異性を提供しますが,しばしばより遅い運動性とより低い感度を持っています.
研究 の 目的:
- 特定の細胞を遺伝子的にターゲットにできる新種の電圧感受性光染料 (サーコシン-ヴォルテージフローア) を開発する.
- アクソンとデンドライトを含む遺伝的に定義されたニューロンの電圧ダイナミクスの高解像度光学画像を可能にします.
- 合成染料の速度と感度と 遺伝子探知器の細胞特異性を組み合わせる
主な方法:
- 機能カルボキシル酸基を持つフローレスセインベースの電圧感受性光染料の合成
- 染料をポリエチレングリコール (PEG) リンカーとSpyTagペプチドに結合して,SpyCatcherに特異的に結合する.
- スパイキャッチャーの発現が神経細胞の表面で,標的の染料を放出する.
- VoltageSpyシステムを使用して培養ニューロンのアクションポテンシャルを光学的にイメージする.
主要な成果:
- 新しいVoltageSpy染料は,細胞表面のSpyCatcherを表現する細胞を効果的にラベリングします.
- VoltageSpy染料は良好な電圧感度と迅速な反応運動性を示し,遺伝的にコードされた電圧指標を超えました.
- ニューロンのソマ,アクソン,およびデンドライトにおいて,強力な単一試験の光学検出が達成された.
- 低ナノモラー染料濃度での電圧画像は成功しました.
結論:
- VoltageSpyは,神経細胞の電気活動の 遺伝的に標的を絞った光学測定を可能にする,電圧画像の 重要な進歩を表しています.
- この技術は 合成電圧センサーと 遺伝子ターゲティングの 利点と融合し ニューロンの機能に関する 詳細な研究への道を開きます
- VoltageSpyは神経科学の研究のための強力なツールであり,特定のニューロン集団の電気信号を正確に視覚化することができます.
関連する概念動画
The Resting Membrane Potential
142.4K
Overview
142.4K
Indicators
60.6K
Certain organic substances change color in dilute solution when the hydronium ion concentration reaches a particular value. For example, phenolphthalein is a colorless substance in any aqueous solution with a hydronium ion concentration greater than 5.0 × 10−9 M (pH < 8.3). In more basic solutions where the hydronium ion concentration is less than 5.0 × 10−9 M (pH > 8.3), it is red or pink. Substances such as phenolphthalein, which can be used to determine the pH of a solution, are...
60.6K
Resting Membrane Potential
21.7K
The relative difference in electrical charge, or voltage, between the inside and the outside of a cell membrane, is called the membrane potential. It is generated by differences in permeability of the membrane to various ions and the concentrations of these ions across the membrane.
The Inside of a Neuron is More Negative
The membrane potential of a cell can be measured by inserting a microelectrode into a cell and comparing the charge to a reference electrode in the extracellular fluid. The...
The Inside of a Neuron is More Negative
The membrane potential of a cell can be measured by inserting a microelectrode into a cell and comparing the charge to a reference electrode in the extracellular fluid. The...
21.7K
Voltage
4.2K
The movement of electrons in a conductor requires some form of energy or work, usually provided by an external force, like a battery. This force is called the electromotive force or voltage. The voltage between two points, referred to as points "a" and "b," in an electric circuit is the energy (or work) needed to move a unit charge from point "a" to point "b," and this relationship is expressed mathematically as
4.2K
Multiple Voltage Sources
1.8K
Generally, a single battery is not enough to power some devices. In such cases, batteries can be combined in two ways: in series or in parallel.
In series, the positive terminal of one battery is connected to the negative terminal of another battery. Hence, the voltage of each battery is added to give the net voltage, which is increased because each battery boosts the electrons that enter it. The same current flows through each battery because they are connected in series.
Batteries are...
In series, the positive terminal of one battery is connected to the negative terminal of another battery. Hence, the voltage of each battery is added to give the net voltage, which is increased because each battery boosts the electrons that enter it. The same current flows through each battery because they are connected in series.
Batteries are...
1.8K
Voltage Dividers
1.3K
In electrical circuits, resistors can be connected in series, sequentially linked one after the other. In a series configuration, the same current flows through each resistor. Ohm's law is a fundamental principle to understand the behavior of resistors in series. It expresses the voltage across these resistors in terms of the current and resistance.
Kirchhoff's voltage law implies that the sum of the voltages across the resistors in series equals the source voltage. This means that the current...
Kirchhoff's voltage law implies that the sum of the voltages across the resistors in series equals the source voltage. This means that the current...
1.3K


