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閉じ込められた単層水を通過するイオンと陽子の完全なステリック排除
K Gopinadhan1,2,3, S Hu2, A Esfandiar1,4
1School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 12, 2019
まとめ
研究者達は 精選的な水運搬のために 原子規模の毛細血管を作り出しました これらの構造は水と陽子の通過を許しますが,イオンを遮断し,高度な濾過のために天然のアクアポリンを模倣します.
科学分野:
- 材料科学
- ナノテクノロジー
- 物理化学
背景:
- アクアポリンのような天然の タンパク質チャネルを模倣して 人工的な水を 濾過することは 長い間 目標としてきました
- 既存の人工ナノスケールの毛細血管は 生物学的チャネルよりも大きく 効率を制限しています
- 分子輸送のための人工構造で原子レベルの精度を達成することは依然として大きな課題です.
研究 の 目的:
- 精密な分子輸送制御のために,原子規模の毛細血管 (数アングストーム) を設計する.
- 水,イオン (Na+,Cl-),陽子 (H+) の選択的浸透をこれらのアングストームスケール スリートを通して調査する.
- 原子スケールでの分子輸送メカニズムの理解を進める
主な方法:
- 大量結晶から単一の原子平面を抽出することで毛細血管を製造し,二次元のスライスを作成します.
- 水,イオン (Na+,Cl-),陽子 (H+) の浸透をアンストームレベルの毛細血管を通して実験的に測定する.
- 原子スケールでの輸送性質の分析
主要な成果:
- 水はアングストームスケールの毛細血管を通って 素早く浸透します
- 水素化されたナトリウム (Na+) と塩化物 (Cl-) イオンについては,小量でも浸透は検出されなかった.
- 陽子 (H+) は毛細血管内の単層水を通して拡散することが示された.
結論:
- 原子スケールの毛細血管は高度に選択的な輸送を実現するために設計され,イオンを拒絶しながら水と陽子の通過を可能にします.
- これらの発見は,原子次元の究極の限界での分子輸送の研究と制御のための新しいプラットフォームを提供します.
- 結果は,人工システムと生物学的チャネルの両方に関連するフィルタリングと輸送の基本原理の洞察を提供します.
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