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Covalent Bonds01:29

Covalent Bonds

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Overview
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Covalent Bonds01:08

Covalent Bonds

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When two atoms share electrons to complete their valence shells, they create a covalent bond. An atom's electronegativity—the force with which shared electrons are pulled towards an atom—determines how the electrons are shared. Molecules formed with covalent bonds can be either polar or nonpolar. Atoms with similar electronegativities form nonpolar covalent bonds; the electrons are shared equally. Atoms with different electronegativities share electrons unequally,...
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
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Compared to ionic bonds, which results from the transfer of electrons between metallic and nonmetallic atoms, covalent bonds result from the mutual attraction of atoms for a “shared” pair of electrons.
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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

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3D 協和有機フレームワークにおけるゲスト依存のダイナミクス

Yichong Chen1, Zhao-Lin Shi1,2,3, Lei Wei1

  • 1School of Physical Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai 201210 , China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 19, 2019
PubMed
まとめ

この研究は,ゲスト分子に基づいて収縮または膨張するダイナミックな共性有機フレームワーク (COF) を明らかにしています. この構造的適応性は,高度な材料を設計するための制御された反応を可能にします.

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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 超分子化学
  • クリスタルグラフィー

背景:

  • 協和有機フレームワーク (COF) は,調節性特性を有する結晶性多孔ポリマーである.
  • COFにおけるゲスト誘発の構造的動態を理解することは,そのアプリケーションにとって極めて重要です.
  • 以前の研究では,COFの柔軟性を調査しましたが,ゲスト依存の収縮と拡張は理解されていないままです.

研究 の 目的:

  • 3D 協和有機フレームワーク (COF) のゲスト依存構造ダイナミクスを調査する.
  • フレームワークの収縮と拡大の背後にある分子メカニズムを解明する.
  • ダイナミックなCOFの適応行動に基づく合理的な設計の可能性を実証する.

主な方法:

  • 簡単でスケーラブルな方法を用いて3D共性有機フレームワーク (COF) の合成.
  • 構造分析のためのシンクロトロン内部粉末X線微分法 (PXRD).
  • 結晶構造とゲストフレームワークの相互作用を決定する.

主要な成果:

  • 合成されたCOFはゲスト依存のダイナミクスを示し,結晶の収縮と膨張の両方を示しています.
  • 湿度を吸収すると,COFは収縮した相を採用します.
  • 有機溶剤の含有により,結晶の膨張 (最大50%の体積増加) と通路の拡大 (3倍) が起こります.
  • これらのダイナミクスを駆動するノード幾何学と構成の変化の 分子レベルの理解が達成されました.

結論:

  • この研究では,様々なゲストに構造的に適応できるダイナミックなCOFが示されています.
  • この発見は,COFの収縮と膨張のメカニズムに洞察を与えます.
  • この研究は,ダイナミックなCOFの合理的な設計と制御された適用の道を開く.